Skip to main content
. 2019 Aug 19;172(2):417–434. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz191

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Dopaminergic (DA) neurons are selectively sensitive to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure; an effect that is exposure level and time dependent. Worms (Strain: BZ555) were treated with PFOS (exposure level range: 25–200 ppm) for 72 h and neurodegeneration was assessed. Dopaminergic neurons exhibited heightened sensitivity to PFOS, with neurodegeneration observed at exposure levels as low as 25 ppm (n = 3) (A, B). Other neuron types, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic (Strain: CZ1632) (C, D), serotonergic (Strain: GR1366) (E, F), and cholinergic (Strain: LX929) (G, H) were comparatively less susceptible to PFOS-induced neurodegeneration, exhibiting neuron loss at 100 ppm and above, when exposed to PFOS for 72 h. Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. Percent of worms lacking neuronal damage was calculated by counting the number of worms with afflicted neurons for 20 animals in each experimental group. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test. *p < .05, **p < .005, and ***p < .001 (n = 3). Scale bar represents 50 µM (A, C, G) and 20 μM (E).