Table 2.
Muscle mRNA expression.
| Groups | BASAL |
2 week |
4 week |
6 week |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rest | Acute RET | Rest | Acute RET | Rest | Acute RET | Rest | Acute RET | ||
| cMyc | |||||||||
| 5′-GGTAGTGGAAAACCAGCAGCC-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 3.0 ± 2.0* | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 4.9 ± 0.7* | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 3.3* | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 1.0 |
| 5′-TCTCCTCCTCGTCGCAGTA-3′ | HMB | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 1.9* | 1.9 ± 3.8 | 3.0 ± 1.9* | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 2.6 ± 1.7* | 1.5 ± 2.2 | 1.7 ± 2.0 |
| Myostatin | |||||||||
| 5′-GCTGCGCCTGGAAACAGCTC-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.4 ± 0.8 |
| 5′-ATCAGTTCCCGGAGTGGAGGC-3′ | HMB | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.6 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.4 |
| Myogenin | |||||||||
| 5′-ACCCTACAGATGCCCACAAC-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.6 |
| 5′-GGAAGGCCACAGACACATCT-3′ | HMB | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 1.5 | 0.6 ± 0.3 |
| MyoD | |||||||||
| 5′-CTCCGACGGCATGATGGACTA-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.9 ± 0.5 |
| 5′-TGGGCGCCTCGTTGTAGTA-3′ | HMB | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 3.3 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 1.6 | 1.1 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 1.3 |
| Myf5 | |||||||||
| 5′-ATGCCCGAATGTAACAGTCCT-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.6 |
| 5′-GGTTGCTCTGAGGAGGTGAT-3′ | HMB | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.4 |
| eIF3f | |||||||||
| 5′-GTTGGGAACTGTCGACAAAC-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.5 |
| 5′-ATTCCATGTCAACAGCCACT-3′ | HMB | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.5 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.5 ± 0.1 |
| REDD1 | |||||||||
| 5′-AAGACACGGCTTACCTGGA-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.9 |
| 5′-CAGTAGTTCTTTGCCCACCT-3′ | HMB | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.9 ± 0.6 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.1 |
| MURF1 | |||||||||
| 5′-AGTGACCAAGGAGAACAGTCA-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 2.3 ± 1.6 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 1.5 ± 1.6 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.4 |
| 5′-CACCAGCTTTGTGGACTTGT-3′ | HMB | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.4 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.2 |
| MAFbx | |||||||||
| 5′-CCTTCACTGACCTGCCTTT-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 1 | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.7 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.4 |
| 5′-CCTTCACTGACCTGCCTTT-3′ | HMB | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.5 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.1 |
| Ubiquitin | |||||||||
| 5′-GATCTGCCGCAAGTGCTA-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 2.0 | 1.1 ± 1.6 | 1.1 ± 2.4 | 1.1 ± 2.4 | 0.5 ± 1.2 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.6 | 0.5 ± 0.8 |
| 5′-CAGTCAATGAAAGGGACACT-3′ | HMB | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 1.2 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 0.4 ± 0.9 | 0.3 ± 0.4 |
| Calpain | |||||||||
| 5′-GCCAAGCAGGTGAAC-3′ | PLA | 1.0 ± 1.0 | 0.7 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.7 ± 0.5 |
| 5′-TGAAGTCTCGGAATGACATC-3′ | HMB | 0.45 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.5 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.2 |
*Significantly different from rest leg at each timepoint and within in each condition P < 0.05.