Table 5.
Estimated Correlation of Depression With Anxiety, Acculturative Stress, Farmworker Stress, and Social Support by Instrument Used to Measure Depression
Full CES-D | Boston × 4a | Boston × 2b | Colec | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety | ||||
Overall sampled | 710*** | .669*** | .600*** | .672*** |
Study 2 | .545*** | .525*** | .501*** | .414** |
Study 3 | 774*** | .744*** | .682*** | .743*** |
Study 4 | .663*** | .636*** | .547*** | .575*** |
Study 5 | .692*** | .632*** | .608*** | .660*** |
Study 6 | .665*** | .613*** | .559*** | .669*** |
Study 7e | .761*** | .709*** | .598*** | .732*** |
Acculturative stress | ||||
Overall sample | .455*** | .426*** | 431*** | .440*** |
Study 1 | .402*** | .396*** | .428*** | .425*** |
Study 2 | .548*** | .525*** | .561*** | .517*** |
Study 6 | .477*** | .428*** | .405*** | .439*** |
Farmworker stress | ||||
Overall sample | .358*** | .378*** | .342*** | .329*** |
Study 3 | .468*** | 451*** | 423*** | .444*** |
Study 4 | .279* | .386** | .404** | .141 |
Study 5 | .494*** | .565*** | .468*** | .445*** |
Study 7 | .288*** | .292*** | .245** | .277*** |
Social support | ||||
Overall sample | −.356*** | −.308*** | −.300*** | −.341*** |
Study 1 | −.315*** | −.263** | −.255** | −.298*** |
Study 2 | −.544*** | −.436** | — 460*** | −.544*** |
Study 6 | −.321*** | −.306*** | −.267*** | −.289*** |
Note: Study 1 = Downtown Los Angeles, collected in 1996; Study 2 = Michigan and Ohio, collected in 1998; Study 3 = Olathe/Montrose, Colorado (phase I), collected in 2001–2002; Study 4 = Olathe/Montrose, Colorado (phase II), collected in 2002; Study 5 = Grand Junction, Colorado, collected in 2001; Study 6 = Eastern North Carolina, collected in 2002; Study 7 = Eastern North Carolina, collected in 2003. CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale.
10 items identified by Kohout, Berkman, Evans, and Cornoni-Huntley (1993) using four response categories.
10 items identified by Kohout and colleagues (1993) using dichotomous response categories.
10 items identified by Cole, Rabin, Smith, and Kaufman (2004).
r of Boston × 2 is statistically different from r of full CES-D: z = 3.50.
r of Boston × 2 is statistically different from r of full CES-D: z = 2.40.
p < .05.
p < .01.
p < .001 (one-tailed)