TABLE 2. Details of Extracted Features From Each Sample. Mean: Average of Each Feature Values, Std: Standard Deviation of Each Feature Values. : PD Group of Training Database, : Healthy Group of Training Database, : PD Group of Testing Database, M: Mean, S: Standard Deviation.
Feature number | Features | Statistical comparisons | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Description | (M ± S) | (M ± S) | (M ± S) | p value | |
1 | Jitter (local) | 0.79±0.66 | 0.77±0.75 | 0.64±0.82 | 0.0003 |
2 | Jitter(local, absolute) | 5.09e-05±4.29e-05 | 5.02e-05±5.20e-05 | 4.2e-05±5.5e-05 | 0.009 |
3 | Jitter (rap) | 0.42±0.41 | 0.392±0.466 | 0.33±0.44 | 0.007 |
4 | Jitter (ppq5) | 0.42±0.37 | 0.368±0.340 | 0.37±0.52 | 0.005 |
5 | Jitter (ddp) | 1.26±1.24 | 1.17±1.39 | 1.006±1.346 | 0.007 |
6 | Shimmer (local) | 7.18±3.38 | 6.85±5.48 | 5.162±3.060 | 0.006 |
7 | Shimmer (local, dB) | 0.681±0.34 | 0.62±0.45 | 0.47±0.26 | <0.001 |
8 | Shimmer (apq3) | 3.53±2.09 | 3.54±3.09 | 2.67±1.79 | 0.039 |
9 | Shimmer (apq5) | 4.34±2.50 | 4.360±4.06 | 3.04±1.67 | 0.007 |
10 | Shimmer (apq11) | 6.23±3.38 | 5.34±3.78 | 4.21±2.03 | 0.001 |
11 | Shimmer (dda) | 10.59±6.29 | 10.62±9.87 | 8.03±5.38 | 0.039 |
12 | Autocorrelation | 0.94±0.051 | 0.93±0.089 | 0.96±0.048 | 0.001 |
13 | Noise-to-Harmonic | 0.066±0.077 | 0.092±0.151 | 0.051±0.083 | <0.001 |
14 | Harmonic-to-Noise | 16.31±5.01 | 17.44±5.89 | 19.32±5.53 | 0.013 |
15 | Median pitch | 166.1±44.64 | 166.7±46.41 | 164.62±46.37 | 0.968 |
16 | Mean pitch | 166.3±44.58 | 169.8±47.14 | 163.94±46.18 | 0.928 |
17 | Standard deviation | 6.63± 4.57 | 14.2±23.80 | 4.99±7.11 | <0.001 |
18 | Minimum pitch | 149.11±45.76 | 147.8±45.37 | 151.5±49.15 | 0.872 |
19 | Maximum pitch | 181.9±48.99 | 227.5±108.9 | 173.39±48.83 | 0.050 |
20 | Number of pulses | 390.7±350.8 | 321.4±205.09 | 157.60±46.90 | <0.001 |
21 | Number of periods | 389.3±350.6 | 318.3±205.04 | 155.88±47.16 | <0.001 |
22 | Mean Period | 0.0064±0.001 | 0.0062±0.001 | 0.0066±0.0021 | 0.958 |
23 | Standard Dev. Of period | 0.00027±0.0001 | 0.00040±0.00042 | 0.00024±0.00034 | <0.001 |
24 | Fraction of locally unvoiced frames | 0.956±1.90 | 3.384±6.37 | 0.767±2.359 | <0.001 |
25 | Number of voice breaks | 0.175±0.49 | 0.25±0.53 | 0.226±0.870 | 0.229 |
26 | Degree of voice breaks | 0.073±0.207 | 0.961±3.37 | 0.65±2.29 | 0.234 |