Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of children with ADHD
| Demographic characteristics | |
|---|---|
| Gender: Percentage of males | 78.3% |
| Age: Mean (standard deviation) | 9.1 years (1.8) |
| Ethnicity: Percentage Caucasian | 86.8% |
| Family characteristics | |
| Parental income: Percentage low income a | 40.1% |
| Marital status: Percentage single mothers | 43.2% |
| Maternal education: Percentage lower education b | 36.7% |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy: | 38.3% |
| ADHD presentation | |
| Percentage predominantly inattentive | 37.0% |
| Percentage predominantly hyperactive/impulsive | 9.6% |
| Percentage combined presentation | 53.3% |
| Percentage previously treated | 37.1% |
| Comorbidity | |
| Percentage conduct disorder | 18.5% |
| Percentage oppositional defiant disorder | 41.4% |
| Percentage mood disorders | 7.5% |
| Percentage anxiety disorders | 42.6% |
a
Income was grouped into two categories: (a) low ≤ $30,000 and (b) high > $30,000 (Canadian dollars).
b
Mother's education level was divided in: (a) lower education ≤11 years (i.e. high school education or less in Quebec) and (b) high education >11 years.