Table 4.
Characteristics of screening participants
| Screening participant characteristic | Total (n = 12,828) | Ambulatory care patients (n = 6,661) | Hospital care patients (n = 6,167) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socio‐demographics and general health status | ||||
| Age in years, M (SD) | 41.7 (14.1) | 37.8 (13.5) | 45.9 (13.5) | <0.001 |
| Gender: female, n (%) | 6,766 (52.7) | 3,930 (59.0) | 2,836 (46.0) | <0.001 |
| Married or in partnership, n (%) | 9,198 (71.7) | 4,683 (70.3) | 4,515 (73.2) | <0.001 |
| Educational level, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| <10 years of schooling | 2,451 (19.1) | 975 (14.6) | 1,476 (23.9) | |
| 10 years of schooling | 4,675 (36.4) | 2,139 (32.1) | 2,536 (41.1) | |
| >10 years of schooling | 5,448 (42.5) | 3,416 (51.3) | 2,032 (32.9) | |
| Not classifiable | 254 (2.0) | 131 (2.0) | 123 (2.0) | |
| Occupational status a, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Fulltime employed | 6,785 (52.9) | 3,529 (53.0) | 3,256 (52.8) | |
| Part‐time employed | 2,272 (17.7) | 1,299 (19.5) | 973 (15.8) | |
| Unemployed | 887 (6.9) | 408 (6.1) | 479 (7.8) | |
| Not working b | 2,883 (22.5) | 1,424 (21.4) | 1,459 (23.7) | |
| General health status, M (SD) a , c | 3.2 (1.0) | 3.3 (0.9) | 3.1 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Health risk factors | ||||
| Alcohol consumption | ||||
| Grams per day, Mdn (IQR) | 1.1 (0.4–3.4) | 1.1 (0.4–3.4) | 0.8 (0.4–3.4) | <0.001d |
| AUDIT sum score, M (SD) | 3.3 (3.9) | 3.4 (3.9) | 3.2 (4.0) | <0.001 |
| Harmful consumption e, n (%) | 3,011 (23.5) | 1,580 (23.7) | 1,431 (23.2) | 0.491 |
| Tobacco consumption | ||||
| Any smoking f, n (%) | 4,565 (35.6) | 2,352 (35.3) | 2,213 (35.9) | 0.497 |
| Never smoker, n (%) | 4810 (37.5) | 2,709 (40.7) | 2,101 (34.1) | <0.001 |
| Former smoker, n (%) | 3,453 (26.9) | 1,600 (24.0) | 1,853 (30.0) | |
| Occasionally, n (%) | 1,088 (8.5) | 626 (9.4) | 462 (7.5) | |
| Daily, n (%) | 3,477 (27.1) | 1,726 (25.9) | 1,751 (28.4) | |
| Cigarettes per day g, M (SD) | 15.8 (11.7) | 15.4 (12.0) | 16.1 (11.3) | 0.075 |
| Years of smoking g, M (SD) | 20.9 (12.5) | 17.8 (11.5) | 24.0 (12.7) | <0.001 |
| Nicotine dependence g , h, M (SD) | 1.4 (1.0) | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.3 (1.0) | < 0.001 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||
| Subsyndromal depression, n (%) | 2,020 (15.7) | 1,258 (18.9) | 762 (12.4) | <0.001 |
| Major depression, n (%) | 1,098 (8.6) | 694 (10.4) | 404 (6.6) | <0.001 |
| PHQ i, M (SD) | 8.2 (5.1) | 8.5 (5.2) | 7.7 (4.8) | <0.001 |
| Insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption, n (%) | 12,060 (94.0) | 6,221 (93.4) | 5,839 (94.7) | <0.005 |
| Physical inactivity, n (%) | 4,639 (36.2) | 2,201 (33.0) | 2,438 (39.5) | <0.001 |
| BMI | <0.001 | |||
| <25, n (%) | 6,151 (47.9) | 3,559 (53.4) | 2,592 (42.0) | |
| ≥ 25 and < 30, n (%) | 3,937 (30.7) | 1,931 (29.0) | 2,006 (32.5) | |
| ≥ 30, n (%) | 2,740 (21.4) | 1,171 (17.6) | 1,569 (25.4) | |
| Total number of health risks, M (SD) | 2.6 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.1) | 2.6 (1.1) | <0.001 |
Note. M: Mean; SD: standard deviation; Mdn: Median; IQR: interquartile range; AUDIT: sum score of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; PHQ‐8: sum score of patient health questionnaire; BMI: body mass index.
Based on n = 12,827 observations due to data loss during saving process.
Homemaker, retiree, student, or similar.
Coded from five (excellent) to one (poor).
Wilcoxon rank‐sum test.
Average daily alcohol use exceeding 12 or 24 g for women or men respectively and/or binge drinking behavior (drinking five or more alcoholic drinks for men and four or more alcoholic drinks for women per occasion) at least once a month.
Occasionally or daily smoking.
Of those who reported smoking at least one cigarette daily: n = 3,446; years of smoking contains two missings due to inconsistent answers: n = 3,444.
Coded from zero (low dependence) to three (high dependence).
Of those who had a period of at least 2 weeks in the last 12 months with sadness, tiredness and/or loss of interest: n = 7,375.