Table 2.
Agreement of depression diagnoses by Cohen's kappa
| Comparison of diagnoses | Kappa (95% CI) | a | N (%) | Sensitivity (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Specificity (95% CI) | ||||
| GP versus GDS | 0.28 (0.22; 0.35) | −/− | 714 (64.2) | Reference standard: |
| +/+ | 115 (10.3) | GDS | ||
| −/+ | 128 (11.5) | 0.47 (0.41; 0.54) | ||
| +/− | 156 (14.0) | 0.82 (0.79; 0.85) | ||
| GP versus HADS | 0.26 (0.19; 0.32) | −/− | 732 (65.8) | Reference standard: |
| +/+ | 100 (9.0) | HADS | ||
| −/+ | 110 (9.9) | 0.48 (0.41; 0.55) | ||
| +/− | 171 (15.4) | 0.81 (0.78; 0.84) | ||
| GP versus SCID | 0.22 (0.16; 0.28) | −/− | 808 (72.6) | Reference standard: |
| +/+ | 57 (5.1) | SCID | ||
| −/+ | 34 (3.1) | 0.63 (0.52; 0.73) | ||
| +/− | 214 (19.2) | 0.79 (0.76; 0.82) | ||
| GDS versus HADS | 0.51 (0.45; 0.57) | −/− | 798 (71.7) | − |
| +/+ | 138 (12.4) | |||
| −/+ | 72 (6.5) | |||
| +/− | 105 (9.4) | |||
| GDS versus SCID | 0.28 (0.21; 0.35) | −/− | 840 (75.5) | Reference standard: |
| +/+ | 61 (5.5) | SCID | ||
| −/+ | 30 (2.7) | 0.67 (0.56; 0.77) | ||
| +/− | 182 (16.4) | 0.82 (0.80; 0.84) | ||
| HADS versus SCID | 0.31 (0.23; 0.38) | −/− | 870 (78.2) | Reference standard: |
| +/+ | 58 (5.2) | SCID | ||
| −/+ | 33 (3.0) | 0.64 (0.53; 0.74) | ||
| +/− | 152 (13.7) | 0.85 (0.83; 0.87) |
Note: CI, confidence interval; GP, general practitioner; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale, cutoff >4; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, cutoff >7; SCID, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV.
+ indicates a positive diagnosis; − indicates a negative diagnosis. Consequently, −/− and +/+ indicate agreement between diagnoses; −/+ and +/− indicate disagreement between diagnoses.