Table 3.
RRR | 95% ci | RRR | 95% ci | RRR | 95% ci | Wald | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model II GP/HADS | GPa (N = 137) | GDSb (N = 110) | GP & GDSc (N = 95) | |||||
GP related variables | ||||||||
Age | 1.01 | 0.95;1.06 | 1.01 | 0.95;1.08 | 0.97 | 0.90;1.04 | X 2 = 1.35 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Male | 1.35 | 0.85;2.13 | 0.97 | 0.59;1.60 | 1.03 | 0.59;1.79 | X 2 = 1.82 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Work experience | 0.97 | 0.92;1.02 | 0.99 | 0.93;1.05 | 1.01 | 0.94;1.08 | X 2 = 1.56 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Psychiatric/psycho‐therapeutic training | 1.29 | 0.82;2.03 | 0.74 | 0.44;1.22 | 0.70 | 0.39;1.23 | X 2 = 4.87 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Experience in treatment of mental illnesses | 1.62* | 1.05;2.51 | 0.95 | 0.59;1.56 | 1.60 | 0.94;2.74 | X 2 = 7.03 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Patient‐related variables | ||||||||
Age | 1.03 | 0.98;1.08 | 1.02 | 0.97;1.08 | 1.01 | 0.95;1.07 | X 2 = 1.38 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Male | 0.38** | 0.22;0.66 | 1.02 | 0.59;1.77 | 0.81 | 0.43;1.56 | X 2 = 11.87 | p < 0.01 |
Educationj | X 2 = 10.91 | p ≥ 0.05 | ||||||
Low | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
Middle | 0.52* | 0.32;0.89 | 1.41 | 0.82;2.42 | 1.48 | 0.81;2.71 | ||
High | 0.95 | 0.51;1.76 | 1.04 | 0.51;2.13 | 1.11 | 0.49;2.53 | ||
Marital status | X 2 = 3.60 | p ≥ 0.05 | ||||||
Married | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
Single/divorced | 1.48 | 0.73;3.01 | 1.04 | 0.43;2.48 | 0.98 | 0.38;2.51 | ||
Widowed | 1.19 | 0.72;1.99 | 1.39 | 0.80;2.44 | 1.41 | 0.76;2.62 | ||
IADL/ADL, impaired | 1.34 | 0.83;2.16 | 2.03* | 1.12;3.70 | 1.70 | 0.90;3.22 | X 2 = 7.27 | p ≥ 0.05 |
CDS | 0.98 | 0.91;1.06 | 1.13** | 1.04;1.22 | 0.95 | 0.87;1.05 | X 2 = 12.31 | p < 0.01 |
Vas EQ‐5D | 0.99 | 0.98;1.01 | 0.96*** | 0.94;0.97 | 0.95*** | 0.94;0.97 | X 2 = 65.51 | p < 0.001 |
Intake of antidepressants | 13.90*** | 8.01;24.12 | 1.39 | 0.59;3.29 | 10.85*** | 5.55;21.23 | X 2 = 110.38 | p < 0.001 |
MMSE | 1.00 | 0.90;1.10 | 0.92 | 0.84;1.01 | 0.92 | 0.83;1.02 | X 2 = 4.51 | p ≥ 0.05 |
HADS anxiety subscale | 1.12** | 1.03;1.20 | 1.37*** | 1.27;1.49 | 1.44*** | 1.32;1.57 | X 2 = 87.44 | p < 0.001 |
ESSI (high) | 1.17 | 0.66;2.05 | 1.96* | 1.12;3.42 | 1.88* | 1.01;3.53 | X 2 = 7.19 | p ≥ 0.05 |
N | 989 | |||||||
Nagelkerkes R 2 | 0.26 | |||||||
Log likelihood | −743.28 |
Model II GP/HADS | GP d (N = 148) | HADS e (N = 93) | GP & HADS f (N = 84) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GP related variables | ||||||||
Age | 0.97 | 0.92;1.03 | 1.00 | 0.93;1.06 | 1.03 | 0.96;1.10 | X 2 = 2.13 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Male | 1.31 | 0.85;2.03 | 0.70 | 0.42;1.17 | 0.81 | 0.45;1.47 | X 2 = 4.57 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Work experience | 1.01 | 0.96;1.07 | 1.03 | 0.96;1.09 | 0.95 | 0.89;1.01 | X 2 = 3.92 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Psychiatric/psycho‐therapeutic training | 1.22 | 0.79;1.89 | 1.00 | 0.60;1.66 | 0.82 | 0.45;1.48 | X 2 = 1.63 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Experience in treatment of mental illnesses | 1.53* | 1.01;2.31 | 0.88 | 0.53;1.45 | 1.84* | 1.05;3.24 | X 2 = 7.94 | p < 0.05 |
Patient‐related variables | ||||||||
Age | 1.02 | 0.97;1.07 | 1.08** | 1.03;1.14 | 1.05 | 0.99;1.12 | X 2 = 10.11 | p < 0.05 |
Male | 0.42** | 0.25;0.72 | 2.11** | 1.21;3.68 | 1.04 | 0.52;2.09 | X 2 = 19.58 | p < 0.001 |
Educationj | X 2 = 6.55 | p ≥ 0.05 | ||||||
Low | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
Middle | 0.57* | 0.34;0.95 | 0.84 | 0.48;1.49 | 1.14 | 0.61;2.15 | ||
High | 0.99 | 0.55;1.79 | 0.83 | 0.41;1.69 | 0.83 | 0.34;2.02 | ||
Marital status | X 2 = 7.29 | p ≥ 0.05 | ||||||
Married | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
Single/divorced | 1.45 | 0.72;2.92 | 2.22 | 0.95;5.16 | 1.53 | 0.60;3.92 | ||
Widowed | 1.23 | 0.76;1.99 | 1.99* | 1.12;3.55 | 1.41 | 0.73;2.71 | ||
IADL/ADL | 1.21 | 0.77;1.91 | 2.15* | 1.17;3.98 | 2.18* | 1.08;4.39 | X 2 = 9.62 | p < 0.05 |
CDS | 0.99 | 0.92;1.06 | 1.12** | 1.03;1.22 | 0.91 | 0.83;1.01 | X 2 = 12.63 | p < 0.01 |
Vas EQ‐5D | 0.99 | 0.98;1.00 | 0.98** | 0.97;0.99 | 0.97*** | 0.95;0.98 | X 2 = 25.49 | p < 0.001 |
Intake of antidepressants | 12.27*** | 7.31;20.58 | 0.89 | 0.32;2.48 | 10.21*** | 5.20;20.08 | X 2 = 110.67 | p < 0.001 |
MMSE | 1.00 | 0.91;1.09 | 1.13* | 1.01;1.27 | 1.02 | 0.91;1.15 | X 2 = 4.85 | p ≥ 0.05 |
HADS anxiety subscale | 1.08* | 1.01;1.16 | 1.30*** | 1.20;1.41 | 1.44*** | 1.32;1.58 | X 2 = 79.86 | p < 0.001 |
ESSI (high) | 1.04 | 0.60;1.79 | 1.91* | 1.09;3.36 | 1.98* | 1.05;3.75 | X 2 = 8.22 | p < 0.05 |
N | 989 | |||||||
Nagelkerkes R 2 | 0.24 | |||||||
Log likelihood | −742.96 |
Model III GP/SCID | GP g (N = 188) | SCID h (N = 27) | GP & SCID i (N = 44) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GP related variables | ||||||||
Age | 1.01 | 0.96;1.06 | 0.96 | 0.85;1.09 | 0.83** | 0.72;0.95 | X 2 = 8.10 | p < 0.05 |
Male | 1.45 | 0.97;2.16 | 3.80** | 1.43;10.10 | 0.51 | 0.22;1.20 | X 2 = 14.08 | p < 0.01 |
Work experience | 0.97 | 0.93;1.01 | 1.02 | 0.91;1.14 | 1.19* | 1.04;1.36 | X 2 = 10.13 | p < 0.05 |
Psychiatric/psycho‐therapeutic training | 1.22 | 0.82;1.82 | 2.04 | 0.85;4.87 | 0.66 | 0.29;1.50 | X 2 = 5.02 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Experience in treatment of mental illnesses | 1.73** | 1.19;2.54 | 1.76 | 0.74;4.14 | 1.38 | 0.64;2.98 | X 2 = 8.95 | p < 0.05 |
Patient‐related variables | ||||||||
Age | 1.02 | 0.98;1.06 | 1.05 | 0.95;1.16 | 1.04 | 0.96;1.14 | X 2 = 2.01 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Male | 0.52** | 0.33;0.83 | 0.99 | 0.39;2.55 | 0.33 | 0.11;1.02 | X 2 = 10.09 | p < 0.05 |
Educationj | X 2 = 4.89 | p ≥ 0.05 | ||||||
Low | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
Middle | 0.70 | 0.45;1.10 | 0.44 | 0.15;1.30 | 0.83 | 0.33,2.06 | ||
High | 0.95 | 0.55;1.63 | 0.47 | 0.11;1.90 | 1.02 | 0.30;3.52 | ||
Marital status | X 2 = 4.83 | p ≥ 0.05 | ||||||
Married | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||||
Single/divorced | 1.07 | 0.55;2.07 | 0.38 | 0.04;3.35 | 2.94 | 0.94;9.18 | ||
Widowed | 1.10 | 0.71;1.72 | 0.82 | 0.32;2.14 | 1.46 | 0.58;3.65 | ||
IADL/ADL | 1.27 | 0.83;1.93 | 0.80 | 0.31;2.06 | 1.70 | 0.63;4.59 | X 2 = 2.34 | p ≥ 0.05 |
CDS | 0.94 | 0.88;1.00 | 1.00 | 0.85;1.16 | 0.98 | 0.86;1.11 | X 2 = 3.39 | p ≥ 0.05 |
Vas EQ‐5D | 0.99 | 0.98;1.00 | 0.99 | 0.97;1.02 | 0.97*** | 0.95;0.99 | X 2 = 13.65 | p < 0.01 |
Intake of antidepressants | 11.65*** | 7.17;18.93 | 1.03 | 0.21;5.06 | 15.74*** | 6.77;36.58 | X 2 = 112.35 | p < 0.001 |
MMSE | 0.98 | 0.91;1.06 | 1.10 | 0.90;1.34 | 1.07 | 0.90;1.26 | X 2 = 1.82 | p ≥ 0.05 |
HADS anxiety subscale | 1.12** | 1.05;1.19 | 1.44*** | 1.27;1.63 | 1.49*** | 1.32;1.67 | X 2 = 65.46 | p < 0.001 |
ESSI (high) | 1.16 | 0.72;1.87 | 1.52 | 0.59;3.94 | 1.48 | 0.64;3.43 | X 2 = 1.49 | p ≥ 0.05 |
N | 989 | |||||||
Nagelkerkes R 2 | 0.25 | |||||||
Log likelihood | −575.90 |
Note: GP, general practitioner; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; SCID, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV criteria; RRR, relative risk ratio; CI, confidence interval; IADL/ADL, (instrumental) activities of daily living; CDS, chronic disease score; VAS EQ‐5D, current state of health/visual analogue scale; MMSE, mini‐mental‐state examination; ESSI, Enriched Social Support Inventory.
GP: Depression diagnosis according to GP but not to GDS.
GDS: Depression diagnosis according to GDS but not to GP.
GP & GDS: Depression diagnosis according to both GP and GDS; Base category: No depression diagnosis according to GP and GDS.
GP: Depression diagnosis according to GP but not to HADS.
HADS: Depression diagnosis according to HADS but not to GP.
GP & HADS: Depression diagnosis according to both GP and HADS; Base category: No depression diagnosis according to GP and HADS.
GP: Depression diagnosis according to GP but not to SCID.
SCID: Depression diagnosis according to SCID but not to GP.
GP & SCID: Depression diagnosis according to both GP and SCID; Base category: No depression diagnosis according to GP and SCID.
Educational classification according to the new CASMIN educational classification (Brauns & Steinmann, 1999).
p < 0.05.
p < 0.01.
p < 0.001.