Table 2.
Demographic characteristics
| Group | No AH (n = 2372) | AH ever (n = 1419) | AH month (n = 702) | AH week (n = 622) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean ± s.d. (IQR) | 38.8 ± 15.36 (25–50) | 36.1 ± 14.68 (24–47) | 33.2 ± 14.20 (22–43) | 33.44 ± 14.3 (21–45) | <0.0001 |
| Gender, % female | 60.5% | 68.6% | 74.4% | 74.3 | <0.0001 |
| Years of education, mean ± s.d. (IQR) | 14.4 ± 1.96 (14–16) | 14.1 ± 2.07 (14–16) | 13.8 ± 2.23 (14–15) | 13.6 ± 2.35 (12–15) | <0.0001 |
| Handedness, % left:right:both | 11.6:84.9:3.5 | 12.1:83.5:4.5 | 12.3:84.3:3.4 | 10.5:84.4:5.1 | 0.439 |
| Cannabis use, % yes | <0.0001 | ||||
| No cannabis | 59.5% | 48.6% | 49.7% | 49.8% | |
| Cannabis ever | 33.3% | 40.3% | 36.6% | 37.9% | |
| Cannabis past month | 2.2% | 3.5% | 5.1% | 3.4% | |
| Cannabis past week | 5.0% | 7.7% | 8.5% | 8.8% | |
| Verbal AH | N/A | N/A | 51.7% | 53.9% | 0.434 |
| Visual hallucinations (VH) | <0.0001 | ||||
| No VH | 71.2% | 50.8% | 38.6% | 34.1% | |
| VH ever | 17.5% | 33.1% | 28.5% | 20.9% | |
| VH month | 5.0% | 7.1% | 15.2% | 18.2% | |
| VH week | 6.3% | 8.9% | 17.7% | 26.8% | |
| Tactile hallucinations (TH) | <0.0001 | ||||
| No TH | 75.5% | 56.6% | 45.0% | 38.9% | |
| TH ever | 14.8% | 27.5% | 27.5% | 22.3% | |
| TH month | 4.4% | 8.2% | 12.3% | 15.6% | |
| TH week | 5.4% | 7.8% | 15.2% | 23.2% | |
| Olfactory hallucinations (OH) | <0.0001 | ||||
| No OH | 73.7% | 59.1% | 55.7% | 48.9% | |
| OH ever | 15.5% | 26.9% | 19.4% | 15.4% | |
| OH month | 6.0% | 7.1% | 13.0% | 14.3% | |
| OH week | 4.8% | 6.9% | 12.0% | 21.4% | |
n, sample size; AH, auditory hallucinations; N/A, not applicable; s.d., standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; No AH, no auditory hallucinations in their lifetime; AH ever, at least one auditory hallucination during their lifetime, though not during the past month; AH month, at least one auditory hallucination in the past month, but not in the past week; AH week, at least one auditory hallucination in the past week.