Table 2.
Immunophenotyping of immune cell populations in bipolar I patients and healthy controls with rs17026688 polymorphisms.
| Markers | Cell type | BDI vs. HC | BDI patients | HC | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BDI (%) | HC (%) | p-value | T (%) | non-T (%) | p-value | T (%) | non-T (%) | p-value | ||
| Total CD3+ | T | 54.59 ± 14.48 | 51.14 ± 13.89 | 0.036* | 56.85 ± 15.63 | 52.75 ± 13.18 | 0.101 | 49.85 ± 14.06 | 52.53 ± 13.82 | 0.225 |
| CD3+ CD4+ | Th | 28.52 ± 9.33 | 22.94 ± 10.58 | 0.042* | 29.55 ± 10.63 | 27.50 ± 7.83 | 0.381 | 22.32 ± 10.15 | 23.61 ± 11.17 | 0.455 |
| CD3+ CD8+ | Tc | 19.69 ± 7.03 | 21.04 ± 6.74 | 0.206 | 20.27 ± 6.66 | 19.12 ± 7.44 | 0.194 | 21.27 ± 6.58 | 20.8 ± 7.02 | 0.423 |
| CD3− CD19+ | B | 9.94 ± 4.79 | 8.75 ± 4.02 | 0.103 | 9.85 ± 5.16 | 10.03 ± 4.47 | 0.289 | 7.99 ± 3.89 | 9.56 ± 4.06 | 0.052 |
| CD3− CD56+ | NK | 13.05 ± 8.80 | 17.28 ± 9.43 | 0.011* | 13.11 ± 9.67 | 13.00 ± 7.95 | 0.44 | 17.67 ± 10.70 | 16.87 ± 8.01 | 0.488 |
| CD3+ CD56+ | NKT | 2.86 ± 2.25 | 2.72 ± 2.51 | 0.248 | 3.06 ± 2.51 | 2.66 ± 1.97 | 0.316 | 2.25 ± 2.23 | 3.22 ± 2.73 | 0.036* |
| CD3+ CD4+ CD71+ | activated Th | 4.24 ± 2.53 | 3.57 ± 2.52 | 0.079 | 3.81 ± 2.10 | 4.67 ± 2.84 | 0.12 | 3.59 ± 2.22 | 3.54 ± 2.85 | 0.328 |
| CD3− CD19+ CD71+ | activated B | 29.90 ± 13.52 | 16.32 ± 9.69 | <0.0001*** | 30.30 ± 13.69 | 29.50 ± 13.52 | 0.497 | 17.61 ± 8.67 | 14.94 ± 10.65 | 0.061 |
| CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ | Treg | 3.68 ± 1.94 | 4.64 ± 2.75 | 0.218 | 3.41 ± 1.84 | 3.05 ± 1.60 | 0.243 | 4.30 ± 1.86 | 5.00 ± 3.45 | 0.497 |
| CD8+ CD28− | CD8+ Treg | 38.47 ± 13.50 | 32.79 ± 15.92 | 0.552 | 37.17 ± 12.56 | 42.20 ± 12.22 | 0.057 | 29.90 ± 13.74 | 35.88 ± 17.67 | 0.08 |
| CD8+ CD103+ | CD8+ Treg | 2.17 ± 1.13 | 2.17 ± 1.08 | 0.356 | 2.07 ± 0.75 | 2.27 ± 1.42 | 0.373 | 2.14 ± 1.03 | 2.20 ± 1.14 | 0.473 |
| CD11b+ CD14+ CD15− CD33hi HLA-DR+ | monocytes | 9.98 ± 5.16 | 8.33 ± 3.76 | 0.006** | 11.14 ± 5.89 | 8.82 ± 4.07 | 0.056 | 8.06 ± 3.28 | 8.61 ± 4.26 | 0.361 |
| CD11b+ CD14− CD15+ CD33lo HLA-DR− | MDSC | 41.40 ± 21.35 | 46.04 ± 22.12 | 0.29 | 34.46 ± 20.79 | 48.33 ± 19.83 | 0.002** | 46.83 ± 20.99 | 45.19 ± 23.61 | 0.444 |
Abbreviations: Th, helper T; Tc, cytotoxic T; NK, natural killer; NKT, natural killer T; Treg, regulatory T; and MDSC, myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Data represent the mean (%) ± S.D. The differences between HC and BDI patients were assessed for statistical significance and adjusted for gender and age using general linear regression (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001). The significance of differences between T and non-T carriers was determined with the Mann-Whitney test (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01). The percentages of CD4+ T, CD8+ T, CD19+ B, CD56+/CD3− NK, and CD56+/CD3+ NKT cells were analyzed in the gated lymphocytes. The percentage of CD71+ cells was analyzed in the gated CD4+/CD3+ cells or CD19+ B cells. The percentage of CD25+/FOXP3+ Treg refers to gated CD4+/CD3+ cells, and the percentages of CD28− and CD103+ cells were analyzed in the gated CD8+/CD3+ cells.