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. 2019 Nov 25;9:17468. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53678-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) Leptomonas wallacei infection induces host morphology alterations. Different body parts of uninfected (above) and infected (below) Oncopeltus fasciatus side by side for comparison (1- rostrum, 2- antenna, 3- forewing, and 4- body length). Principal components analysis (PCA) plots for the morphometric data in females (B) and males (C). All morphometric variables were transformed using the PCA, the first and second principal components were plotted, and each point graphically represents a sample (infected-red dots and uninfected-green dots). (D) Generalized linear model (GLM) prediction of the probability of being infected. Results of GLM prediction of the probability of being infected in response to the size principal component derived using the PCA for males and females in the adult dataset.