. 2019 Nov 25;9:17500. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53814-x

Table 3.

Variations in mean malarial incidence rate and environmental factors in Nigeria (2000–2015).

Region	Year	Malaria Incidence	Maximum Temperature (°C)	Aridity (%)	Rainfall (mm)	Precipitation (mm)
North-Central	2000	0.503 ± 0.076^a	32.389 ± 0.973^b	27.364 ± 5.831^a	1267.546 ± 156.595^b	109.973 ± 14.933^a
	2005	0.498 ± 0.061^b	32.571 ± 0.947^b	26.22 ± 4.634^a	1187.632 ± 140.722^c	103.717 ± 15.556^b
	2010	0.415 ± 0.109^c	33.016 ± 0.941^a	26.736 ± 5.985^a	1348.328 ± 134.733^a	107.707 ± 14.716^ab
	2015	0.387 ± 0.069^c	32.649 ± 0.966^b	22.598 ± 4.743^b	1184.479 ± 156.579^c	91.889 ± 13.082^c
North-East	2000	0.455 ± 0.078^a	33.77 ± 1.565^c	14.616 ± 7.62^ab	887.503 ± 370.037^a	72.482 ± 24.003^a
	2005	0.482 ± 0.077^a	34.526 ± 1.642^ab	15.944 ± 5.908^a	877.478 ± 300.362^a	79.214 ± 17.352^a
	2010	0.393 ± 0.087^b	34.757 ± 1.704^a	15.719 ± 6.507^a	909.753 ± 342.482^a	80.129 ± 18.389^a
	2015	0.364 ± 0.065^b	34.051 ± 1.584^bc	12.572 ± 5.859^b	882.297 ± 284.656^a	62.516 ± 17.136^b
North-west	2000	0.453 ± 0.115^ab	33.831 ± 1.348^c	11.857 ± 4.573^b	762.318 ± 276.245^b	64.966 ± 18.075^b
	2005	0.428 ± 0.092^bc	34.505 ± 1.324^ab	14.111 ± 4.87^a	808.942 ± 215.029^b	77.34 ± 17.991^a
	2010	0.476 ± 0.113^a	34.935 ± 1.301^a	13.599 ± 4.132^a	909.479 ± 271.744^a	75.53 ± 14.85^a
	2015	0.412 ± 0.089^c	34.13 ± 1.275^bc	10.09 ± 3.435^c	753.936 ± 212.556^b	55.264 ± 12.364^c
South-East	2000	0.448 ± 0.133^a	31.627 ± 0.253^ab	51.793 ± 6.446^a	2116.939 ± 279.463^a	165.393 ± 10.932^a
	2005	0.447 ± 0.115^a	31.541 ± 0.303^b	48.366 ± 7.53^b	1957.35 ± 344.272^b	150.984 ± 13.98^b
	2010	0.295 ± 0.088^b	31.748 ± 0.294^a	51.655 ± 9.055^a	2182.786 ± 330.793^a	168.111 ± 18.447^a
	2015	0.285 ± 0.083^b	31.721 ± 0.269^a	44.222 ± 7.402^c	1762.955 ± 232.558^c	146.53 ± 15.752^b
South-South	2000	0.449 ± 0.101^a	31.397 ± 0.200^b	58.175 ± 7.759^b	2590.655 ± 592.732^ab	172.195 ± 16.292^b
	2005	0.388 ± 0.131^b	31.253 ± 0.209^c	56.564 ± 8.01^b	2411.414 ± 505.343^b	164.158 ± 17.919^c
	2010	0.304 ± 0.085^c	31.482 ± 0.258^ab	65.096 ± 7.114^a	2698.811 ± 610.783^a	196.391 ± 15.62^a
	2015	0.283 ± 0.073^c	31.511 ± 0.236^a	52.22 ± 8.050^c	2131.962 ± 417.486^c	161.662 ± 19.145^c
South-west	2000	0.351 ± 0.154^ab	31.687 ± 0.455^b	33.611 ± 5.158^b	1352.185 ± 213.771^b	111.014 ± 14.541^b
	2005	0.375 ± 0.128^a	31.448 ± 0.43^c	32.291 ± 4.516^b	1318.17 ± 206.948^b	101.556 ± 11.173^c
	2010	0.349 ± 0.120^ab	31.887 ± 0.412^a	41.962 ± 6.087^a	1561.039 ± 221.844^a	135.169 ± 16.022^a
	2015	0.311 ± 0.112^b	31.776 ± 0.455^ab	29.371 ± 4.003^c	1298.87 ± 184.795^b	98.691 ± 10.864^c
Overall	2000	0.444 ± 0.121^a	32.498 ± 1.397^b	32.00 ± 18.449^b	1468.399 ± 736.554^b	113.937 ± 44.39^b
	2005	0.436 ± 0.112^a	32.705 ± 1.702^b	31.468 ± 16.835^b	1403.174 ± 651.458^bc	111.353 ± 36.823^b
	2010	0.377 ± 0.120^b	33.044 ± 1.727^a	34.828 ± 20.02^a	1577.219 ± 738.002^a	124.939 ± 47.366^a
	2015	0.344 ± 0.097^c	32.694 ± 1.449^b	27.719 ± 16.544^c	1315.455 ± 546.891^c	100.779 ± 42.274^c

Note: Mean ± SD with different superscript are significant at 5% level with a > b > ab > bc > c.