Fig. 3.

A Circos plot of significantly associated CpGs, DMRs, and gene expression traits associated with West African ancestry and GWAS catalog traits associated with replicated gene expression traits. The innermost ring represents the 220 GWAS catalog traits associated with the 28 genes replicated in the Innocenti et al. dataset (p < 0.05) with each purple circle representing the scaled −log(p value) of a study from the GWAS catalog. The second ring represents 83 genes associated with decreased expression with increased WAA (red bars represent fold change, ranging from 0 to −6). The third ring represents 48 genes associated with increased expression with increased WAA (blue bars represent fold change >1.5, ranging from 0 to +6). The fourth ring represents 1037 DMRs significantly associated with WAA (purple tiles represent DMRs that stack when overlapping). The fifth ring represents 23,317 significant differentially methylated CpGs (black squares represent 7913 hypomethylated CpG sites; orange circles represent 15,404 hypermethylated CpG sites; not all CpGs are depicted due to reduced crowding implemented in the Circos program). The next ring represents the karyotype of the human genome (reference hg38) and the outermost ring corresponds to the gene names of the 131 WAA-associated gene expression traits identified