Table 1.
Study population (children) characteristics for the six different NHANES cycles from 2003 to 2014
| Cycle | NHANES 2003–2004 |
NHANES 2005–2006 |
NHANES 2007–2008 |
NHANES 2009–2010 |
NHANES 2011–2012 |
NHANES 2013–2014 |
||||||
| Characteristic | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) |
| Age | 852 | 12.33 (3.4) | 896 | 12.13 (3.41) | 690 | 11.25 (3.35) | 727 | 11.09 (3.40) | 689 | 11.02 (3.37) | 750 | 11.2 (3.5) |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 424 | 49.8% | 429 | 47.9% | 336 | 48.7% | 349 | 48.0% | 348 | 50.5% | 375 | 50.0% |
| Male | 428 | 50.2% | 467 | 52.1% | 354 | 51.3% | 378 | 52.0% | 341 | 49.5% | 375 | 50.0% |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||||||||
| Mexican American | 262 | 30.8% | 307 | 34.3% | 180 | 26.1% | 199 | 27.4% | 146 | 21.2% | 180 | 24.0% |
| Other Hispanic | 21 | 2.5% | 21 | 2.3% | 98 | 14.2% | 95 | 13.1% | 69 | 10.0% | 75 | 10.0% |
| Non-Hispanic white | 231 | 27.1% | 246 | 27.5% | 189 | 27.4% | 236 | 32.4% | 168 | 24.4% | 191 | 25.5% |
| Non-Hispanic black | 302 | 35.4% | 268 | 29.9% | 197 | 28.5% | 146 | 20.1% | 195 | 28.3% | 191 | 25.5% |
| Other | 36 | 4.2% | 54 | 6.0% | 26 | 3.8% | 51 | 7.0% | 111 | 16.1% | 113 | 15.0% |
| Caregiver education | ||||||||||||
| <9th grade | 102 | 12.3% | 112 | 13.0% | 83 | 12.5% | 78 | 11.0% | 72 | 10.8% | 75 | 10.3% |
| 9–11th grade | 177 | 21.4% | 158 | 18.4% | 138 | 20.9% | 123 | 17.4% | 118 | 17.7% | 112 | 15.4% |
| High school or GED | 197 | 23.9% | 195 | 22.7% | 157 | 23.7% | 170 | 24.0% | 150 | 22.6% | 166 | 22.8% |
| Some college | 227 | 27.5% | 246 | 28.7% | 176 | 26.6% | 198 | 28.0% | 177 | 26.6% | 229 | 31.4% |
| College graduate or above |
123 | 14.9% | 148 | 17.2% | 108 | 16.3% | 139 | 19.6% | 148 | 22.3% | 147 | 20.1% |
| Smoking (serum cotinine (ng/mL)) | 778 | 6.7 (36.9) | 780 | 9.0 (49.5) | 597 | 3.9 (23.5) | 628 | 3.6 (24.1) | 585 | 3.9 (28.4) | 643 | 1.95 (15.9) |
| No. of times/week you play or exercise hard | 314 | 6.5 (5.8) | 355 | 5.7 (2.9) | 340 | 5.5 (2.3) | 414 | 6.0 (1.9) | 395 | 5.9 (1.8) | 638 | 5.0 (2.3) |
| Caloric intake (kcal) | 813 | 2190.2 (928.1) | 843 | 2174.3 (1077.9) | 660 | 1933.4 (778.7) | 703 | 1965.9 (797.5) | 639 | 1936.4 (734.1) | 657 | 1944.7 (838.1) |
| Urinary BPA (ng/mL) | 852 | 6.10 (9.06) | 896 | 4.38 (7.59) | 690 | 4.18 (9.01) | 727 | 3.67 (10.36) | 689 | 3.38 (9.89) | 750 | 2.21 (2.85) |
| Urinary creatinine (µmol/L) | 850 | 12 293.8 (7841.2) | 896 | 12 543.3 (7236.3) | 690 | 10 845.1 (6562.0) | 727 | 10 564.4 (6521.3) | 688 | 10 068.7 (6718.6) | 750 | 10 780.4 (6822.6) |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 350 | 2.31 (0.65) | 239 | 2.20 (0.60) | 112 | 2.29 (0.63) | 128 | 2.36 (0.67) | 146 | 2.22 (0.65) | 149 | 2.17 (0.69) |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 778 | 1.41 (0.33) | 778 | 1.41 (0.33) | 602 | 1.35 (0.33) | 628 | 1.36 (0.34) | 582 | 1.38 (0.31) | 644 | 1.39 (0.34) |
| TC (mmol/L) | 501 | 4.17 (0.77) | 487 | 4.15 (0.71) | 270 | 4.11 (0.76) | 285 | 4.14 (0.76) | 268 | 3.95 (0.75) | 297 | 4.05 (0.77) |
| TG (mmol/L) | 350 | 0.93 (0.50) | 239 | 0.91 (0.44) | 112 | 0.94 (0.49) | 128 | 0.93 (0.53) | 146 | 0.93 (0.59) | 150 | 0.89 (0.64) |
| Apolipoprotein B (mg/dL) | NA | NA | 241 | 72.9 (17.4) | 112 | 69.6 (18.5) | 128 | 71.2 (19.4) | 147 | 65.7 (17.9) | 150 | 65.9 (18.2) |
BPA, bisphenol A; GED, general educational development; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.