Table 1.
Characteristics of study population (n = 5565)a
| No anxiety disorder | Anxiety disorder | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 5108 | Agoraphobia,b n = 221 | GAD,b n = 125 | Other anxiety disorder,b, c n = 166 | All anxiety disorders, n = 457 | |
| Female (%) | 56.3 | 79.6*** | 77.8*** | 75.3*** | 78.0*** |
| Mean age (SD) | 72.6 (7.8) | 73.0 (7.4) | 72.0 (7.9) | 70.8 (7.1)** | 72.0 (7.4) |
| Age range (minimum age – maximum age) | 58.0‐100.1 | 59.5‐90.0 | 59.5‐91.9 | 59.4‐92.4 | 59.4‐92.4 |
| Living alone (%) | 33.9 | 36.2 | 37.6 | 40.4 | 37.0 |
| Educationd | |||||
| Low level (%) | 25.3 | 38.9*** | 32.8 | 33.9* | 35.5** |
| Intermediate level (%) | 61.3 | 54.6 | 59.5 | 53.3 | 55.6 |
| High level (%) | 13.4 | 6.5 | 7.8 | 12.7 | 8.9 |
| Marital Statusd | |||||
| Married (%) | 64.2 | 61.5 | 61.6 | 57.8* | 61.3 |
| Single (%) | 5.1 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 12.7 | 3.9 |
| Widowed (%) | 24.0 | 26.2 | 26.4 | 24.7 | 25.4 |
| Divorced (%) | 6.7 | 8.6 | 8.0 | 4.8 | 9.4 |
| Disability | |||||
| Functional: mild to severe (%) | 40.2 | 62.4*** | 62.3*** | 61.8*** | 61.5*** |
| Instrumental: mild to severe (%) | 24.6 | 27.4 | 34.4* | 30.9 | 29.1* |
| Physical health | |||||
| Coronary heart disease (%) | 6.2 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (%) | 17.1 | 14.5 | 13.7 | 17.5 | 14.7 |
| MMSE | |||||
| Impaired cognitive capacity (%) | 13.5 | 15.2 | 25.0** | 18.7 | 18.4** |
a
The population described in this table comprises the total study population.
b
Agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and other anxiety disorders represent non‐exclusive categories.
c
Other anxiety disorders comprise social phobia, specific phobia and panic disorder.
d
Overall test of significance was performed.
Note: Anxiety disorder groups were compared to the group without anxiety disorders with t‐tests and chi‐square tests. MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination.
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.