Table 5.
Answers to the ESPAD‐Italia® 2004 questionnaire about cigarette smoking in lifetime, drunkenness, use of cannabis, tranquillizers or sedatives, hallucinogens, cocaine, heroin, ecstasy, alcohol mixed with pills, alcohol mixed with marijuana/hashish, all illicit drugs except for cannabis mixed with alcohol; and estimation of Cohen's k (1960) and Cramer's phi in test–retest study
| Questions | N | Value | Standard error | Z | Prob > Z | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cigarette use | 481 | Cohen's k | 0.8694 | 0.0455 | 19.11 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's Phi | 0.8710 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Drunkenness | 479 | Cohen's k | 0.7369 | 0.0311 | 16.13 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.7371 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Cannabis | 470 | Cohen's k | 0.8094 | 0.0461 | 17.56 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.8098 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Cocaine | 473 | Cohen's k | 0.6948 | 0.0460 | 15.11 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.6949 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Hallucinogens | 474 | Cohen's k | 0.6348 | 0.0455 | 13.95 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.6408 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Tranquil. or sedatives | 475 | Cohen's k | 0.2539 | 0.0458 | 5.540 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.2541 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Ecstasy | 474 | Cohen's k | 0.4654 | 0.0452 | 10.30 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.4729 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Heroin | 488 | Cohen's k | 0.6934 | 0.0451 | 15.38 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.6940 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Alcohol with pills | 477 | Cohen's k | 0.5669 | 0.0456 | 12.43 | 0.0000 |
| Cramer's phi | 0.5715 | 0.0000 | ||||
| Alcohol mixed with marijuana/hashish | 475 | Cohen's k | 0.6886 | 0.0458 | 15.03 | 0.0000 |
| All substances except for cannabis mixed with alcohol | Cramer's phi | 0.6897 | 0.0000 | |||
| 467 | Cohen's k | 0.6110 | 0.0461 | 13.25 | 0.0000 | |
| Cramer's phi | 0.6133 | 0.0000 |