Table 1.
Patient characteristics stratified by CPAP outcome
| All (n = 389) | CPAP failure (n = 108) | CPAP success(n = 281) | p valuea | |
| Perinatal factors | ||||
| Cesarean delivery | 325 (83.5) | 95 (88.0) | 230 (81.9) | 0.170 |
| Multiple birth | 86 (22.1) | 24 (22.2) | 62 (22.1) | 1.000 |
| Antenatal steroids | 349 (89.7) | 100 (92.6) | 249 (89.2) | 0.446 |
| Neonatal factors | ||||
| Gestational age, weeks | 28.2 (1.22) | 28.0 (1.28) | 28.3 (1.19) | 0.023 |
| Birth weight, g | 1,115 (270) | 1,021 (310) | 1,151 (245) | <0.001 |
| Male gender | 194 (49.9) | 55 (50.9) | 139 (49.6) | 0.909 |
| 5-minApgar score | 8 [7–8] | 7 [6–8] | 8 [7–8] | 0.049 |
| FiO2 - 1st h of life | 0.35 (0.12) | 0.4 (0.17) | 0.33 (0.1) | <0.001 |
| FiO2 - 2nd h of life | 0.31 (0.11) | 0.37 (0.16) | 0.29 (0.08) | <0.001 |
| Exogenous surfactant | 236 (60.7) | 102 (94.4) | 132 (47.0) | <0.001 |
| FiO2 before surfactant | 0.40 [0.35–0.50] | 0.45 [0.35–0.60] | 0.40 [0.35–0.46] | 0.002 |
| Age at surfactant, h | 1.50 [0.75–3.68] | 1.67 [0.83–4.38] | 1.33 [0.58–3.08] | 0.133 |
| Caffeine citrate | 386 (99.2) | 107 (99.1) | 279 (99.3) | 1.000 |
Data are presented asn (%), mean (SD), or median [IQR]. Significantp values are indicated in bold. CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen.
a
CPAP failure vs. CPAP success.