Table I.
Characteristics of the randomized controlled trials included in the meta-analysis.
| First author (year) | Group | Age (years)a | PaO2/FiO2 | ARDS definition | Etiologic factors | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weigelt (1985) | GC (n=25) | 19–75 | 165–350 | PaO2 <100 mmHg | Sepsis, shock, massive | (4) |
| Control (n=14) | 19–72 | 95–345 | on 40% oxygen or | transfusion, contusion, | ||
| PaO2 <350 mmHg | alveolar hypoventilation, | |||||
| on 100% oxygen. | aspiration. | |||||
| Bernard (1987) | GC (n=50) | 55±2 | NA | (1) PaO2 ≤70 mmHg | Sepsis, aspiration, infectious | (11) |
| Control (n=49) | 56±2 | NA | on 40% oxygen; | pneumonia, pancreatitis, | ||
| (2) Bilateral diffuse | shock, fat emboli, and other | |||||
| infiltrates on chest | causes or multiple causes. | |||||
| radiography and | ||||||
| (3) PAWP ≤18 mmHg. | ||||||
| Luce (1988) | GC (n=38) | 50±2.5 | NA | (1) The new onset of | Pneumonia, peritonitis | (5) |
| Control (n=37) | 53±2.5 | NA | diffuse infiltrates involving | and others. | ||
| all 4 quadrants of the chest | ||||||
| roentgenogram; | ||||||
| (2) PaO2/PAO2 <0.30 and | ||||||
| (3) PAWP ≤18 mmHg. | ||||||
| Meduri (1998) | GC (n=16) | 47±3.9 | 110±11 | AECC criteria | NA | (12) |
| Control (n=8) | 51±6.6 | 123±11 | ||||
| Confalonieri (2005) | GC (n=23) | 60.4±17.3 | 141±49 | AECC criteria | CAP | (13) |
| Control (n=23) | 66.6±14.7 | 178±58 | ||||
| Steinberg (2006) | GC (n=89) | 49.0±19.0 | 126±42 | AECC criteria | Trauma, sepsis, multiple | (6) |
| Control (n=91) | 49.2±16.5 | 126±40 | transfusions, aspiration, | |||
| pneumonia and other. | ||||||
| Annane (2006) | GC (n=85) | 61±16 | NA | AECC criteria | Lung and other infections | (14) |
| Control (n=92) | 59±18 | NA | with septic shock. | |||
| Meduri (2007) | GC (n=63) | 50.1±15.3 | 118.4±51.2 | AECC criteria | Pneumonia, aspiration of | (7) |
| Control (n=28) | 53.2±15.3 | 125.9±38.6 | gastric content, sepsis and | |||
| other. | ||||||
| Seam (2012) | GC (n=55) | 49.7±2.1 | 119.5±6.9 | AECC criteria | CAP, HAP, intra-abdominal | (15) |
| Control (n=24) | 53.9±3.4 | 126.2±8.2 | and urinary tract infection, | |||
| endocarditis, necrotizing | ||||||
| fasciitis, bacteremia of | ||||||
| unknown source, ehrlichiosis, | ||||||
| aspiration, postoperation, | ||||||
| pancreatitis and other. | ||||||
| Tongyoo (2016) | GC (n=98) | 64.5±17.3 | 175.4±6.9 | AECC criteria | Severe sepsis or septicshock. | (16) |
| Control (n=99) | 64.3±16.0 | 172.4±6.7 |
GC, glucocorticoid; PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen in artery; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen; PAWP, pulmonary artery wedge pressure; AECC, American-European Consensus Conference; NA, not available; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; HAP, hospital-acquired pneumonia; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome.
a
Values are expressed as range (Ref. 4) or mean ± standard deviation (other studies).