Table 5. Association between respondents’ characteristics and obtaining antibiotics from pharmacies without prescription.
| Total N = 581 |
Obtained antibiotic from pharmacy without prescription^ N = 133 |
p-value^^ | OR [95% CI] ^^^ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participant type* | 0.22 | 1.00 | ||
| Student | 377 | 80 (21.2%) | 1.29 [0.86,1.93] | |
| Family member | 198 | 51 (25.8%) | ||
| Sex* | 0.67 | 1.00 | ||
| Male | 67 | 17 (25.4%) | 0.88 [0.49,1.58] | |
| Female | 504 | 116 (23.0%) | ||
| Age in years | 0.28 | 1.00 | ||
| <21 | 224 | 55 (24.6%) | 0.74 [0.47,1.16] | |
| 21–25 | 226 | 44 (19.5%) | 1.08 [0.66,1.77] | |
| 26+ | 131 | 34 (26.0%) | ||
| Marital status* | 0.51 | 1.00 | ||
| Single | 430 | 104 (24.2%) | 0.85 [0.52,1.38] | |
| Married | 122 | 26 (21.3%) | ||
| Nationality** | 0.84 | 1.00 | ||
| Qatari | 236 | 52 (22.0%) | 1.18 [0.56,2.49] | |
| Other GCC | 44 | 11 (25.0%) | 1.04 [0.68,1.61] | |
| Other Arab | 237 | 54 (22.8%) | 0.62 [0.18,2.21] | |
| Non-Arab | 20 | 3 (15.0%) | ||
| Highest level of education* | 0.28 | 1.00 | ||
| Secondary | 308 | 76 (24.7%) | 0.81 [0.55,1.19] | |
| University+ | 273 | 57 (20.9%) | ||
| Employment* | 0.52 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 139 | 34 (24.5%) | 0.86 [0.55,1.35] | |
| No | 426 | 93 (21.8%) | ||
| Municipality* | 0.36 | 1.00 | ||
| Doha | 277 | 70 (25.3%) | 0.71 [0.44,1.14] | |
| Al-Rayan | 160 | 31 (19.4%) | 0.95 [0.57,1.58] | |
| Elsewhere | 115 | 28 (24.3%) | ||
| Household income** | 0.34 | 1.00 | ||
| 1 | 88 | 18 (20.5%) | 1.06 [0.56,2.01] | |
| 2 | 163 | 35 (21.5%) | 1.65 [0.85,3.22] | |
| 3 | 104 | 31 (29.8%) | 1.10 [0.59,2.05] | |
| 4 | 182 | 40 (22.0%) | 1.00 |
^Data are presented as n (row %),
^^Chi-square test,
^^^Crude logistic regression,
*1.0–5.3% missing,
**8.2% missing