Skip to main content
. 2019 Nov 26;31(11):878–883. doi: 10.1589/jpts.31.878

Table 2. Results of the Bland-Altman analysis.

Actions Gender n Systematic bias Random bias

Fixed bias [LOA (Nm)] Proportional bias [%difference]



Mesurement methods Mean Upper Lower Mean Upper Lower MDC (Nm)
Knee extension
Conv-IKD–Belt-HHD M, F 26 33.9 −15.0 82.7
Conv-IKD–Mod-IKD M, F 26 55.8 −10.8 122.4 32.1 −0.4 122.4
Belt-HHD–Mod-IKD M, F 26 22.0 −36.7 80.6

Conv-IKD–Belt-HHD M 16 41.5 −2.3 85.4
Conv-IKD–Mod-IKD M 16 77.4 20.5 134.4
Belt-HHD–Mod-IKD M 16 35.9 −19.4 91.2

Conv-IKD–Belt-HHD F 10 59.6
Conv-IKD–Mod-IKD F 10 21.3 4.1 38.4
Belt-HHD–Mod-IKD F 10 −2.6 −13.7 8.4

Knee flexion
Conv-IKD–Belt-HHD M, F 26 13.4 −10.7 37.5
Conv-IKD–Mod-IKD M, F 26 −3.5 −26.4 19.6
Belt-HHD–Mod-IKD M, F 26 −13.5 −36.2 9.2

Conv-IKD–Belt-HHD M 16 18.3 −4.1 40.6
Conv-IKD–Mod-IKD M 16 18.6
Belt-HHD–Mod-IKD M 16 −14.1 −36.8 8.6

Conv-IKD–Belt-HHD F 10 22.3
Conv-IKD–Mod-IKD F 10 −7.0 −13.8 −0.2
Belt-HHD–Mod-IKD F 10 −12.6 −19.8 −5.4

F: female; M: male; Belt-HHD: Measurement using a HHD and a belt; Conv-IKD: Measurement using the isokinetic dynamometer sitting on an attached chair (Conventional IKD); Mod-IKD: Measurement using isokinetic dynamomete sitting on a mat table (Modified IKD); LOA: limits of agreement; MDC: minimal detective change.