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. 2019 Nov 26;9:17561. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54037-w

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Flagellar assembly pathway components present in the H2 endosymbiont based on KEGG-mapping. The presence of a gene is indicated by filled boxes. Half-filled boxes indicate genes that were not identified by KEGG but harbor the necessary domains. Most genes needed for a functional flagellum are present in the genome but the genes for the hook-filament junction and the filament cap gene fliD are absent, suggesting that the bacterium is not able to build a functional flagellum. Because most genes of the type III secretion system and the basal body are present, the rudimentary flagellum might still function as a substrate export system. OM = outer membrane, PG = peptidoglycan layer, CM = cytoplasm membrane (simplified after Toft & Fares 2008⁴² and KEGG pathway maps).