Thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) suppression attenuates injury-induced neointima formation in vivo. Rat carotid artery was balloon injured and locally infected with lentivirus-encoding scrambled RNA or TDG shRNA. After 14 days, the carotid arteries were collected for analysis. A: representative 8-μm-fixed, hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. B: analysis of Tdg mRNA expression by quantitative PCR normalized to 18S rRNA (n = 2–4). C–E: quantitative morphometric analysis (n = 4–6) using ImageJ software of medial layer area (C), neointimal area (D), and neointimal/medial area ratios. Individual values are shown with means ± SE. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 by unpaired t test. M, medial layer area; N, neointimal area; NS, not significant.