Figure 2.

Schematic diagram of LINC complexes. Transmembrane SUN proteins of the inner nuclear membrane (INM) interact with nesprins of the outer nuclear membrane (ONM) within the perinuclear space. In the nucleus, SUN proteins bind to A-type lamins and also interact with emerin, another transmembrane protein of the INM. In the cytoplasm, different nesprin proteins bind to different cytoskeletal elements. Different isoforms of nesprin-1 and nepsrin-2 can bind actin filaments directly or associate with microtubules indirectly via dynein or kinesin-1. Nesprin-3 can associate with intermediate filaments by binding to plectin. Nesprin-4 can also associate with microtubules indirectly by binding kinesin-1. (A color version of this figure is available in the online journal.)