Table 5.

Background of research participation hospitals

	Number of bed	ICU system	Number of ICU bed	Patient to nurse ratio	Dedicated physiotherapist	Sedation protocol
A	740	Mandatory	26	2:1	Yes	Yes
B	740	Mandatory	8	2:1	Yes	No
C	592	Closed	12	1:1	No	No
D	500	Closed	6	2:1	No	No
E	464	Elective	32	2:1	Yes	No
F	415	Open	8	2:1	No	No
G	376	Mandatory	10	2:1	No	No
H	464	Open	10	2:1	No	No

Closed, ICU physician decides therapeutic policy; Mandatory, ICU physician is involved in deciding treatment policy; Elective, ICU physician is mainly involved as a consultant; Open, each department of medicine determines its own treatment policy