Table 1.

Different classes of phytochemicals identified in various parts of the pomegranate tree and fruit [11, 12]

Classes	Phytochemicals (tissue source)
Ellagitannins, Gallotannins, and derivatives	Brevifolin (Leaf), Brevifolin carboxylic acid (Leaf, Flower, Heartwood), Brevifolin carboxylic acid 10-monopotassium sulphate (Leaf), Castalagin (Stem bark), Casuariin (Stem bark), Casuarinin (Peel, Stem bark), Corilagin (Peel, Leaf), Isocorilagin (Flower), Hippomanin A (Flower), Gemin D (Flower), Diellagic acid rhamnosyl(1→4) glucopyranoside (Heartwood), 1,2-Di-O-galloyl-4,6-O-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl β-D-glucopyranoside (Flower), Ellagic acid (Peel, Flower, Leaf), 3,3’-Di-O-methylellagic acid (Seed), 3,3’,4’-Tri-O-methylellagic acid (Seed), 3-O-Methylellagic acid (Heartwood), 4,4’-Di-O-methylellagic Acid (Heartwood), 3’-O-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxy-ellagic acid (Heartwood), Eschweilenol C (Ellagic acid 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside) (Heartwood), Ethyl brevifolincarboxylate (Flower), Eucalbanin B (Aril), Eucarpanin T1 (Aril), Pomegraniin A (Aril), Pomegraniin B (Aril), Gallagic acid (Peel), Gallic acid 3-O-β-D-(6’-O-galloyl)-glucopyranoside (Flower), 6-O-Galloyl-2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose (Stem bark, Juice), 5-Galloylpunicacortein D (Heartwood), 2-O-Galloylpunicalin (2-O-Galloyl-4,6-(S,S)-gallagyl-D-glucose) (Heartwood, Stem Bark), Granatin A (Fruit, Leaf), Granatin B (Fruit, Leaf), 2,3-(S)-Hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose (Stem bark, Juice), Lagerstannin B (Peel), Lagerstannin C (Juice), 3-O-Methylellagic acid 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Heartwood), 3,4’-O-Dimethylellagic acid 4-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Heartwood), Oenothein B (Aril), Pedunculagin I (Peel, Stem bark), Pedunculagin II (Juice), 1,2,3,4,6-Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (Leaf), 3,4,8,9,10-Pentahydroxydibenzo [b,d] pyran-6-one (Urolithin M-5) (Leaf), Phyllanthusiin E (Flower), Pomegranatate (Flower), Punicacortein A (Stem bark), Punicacortein B (Stem bark), Punicacortein C (Stem bark, Peel), Punicacortein D (Stem bark), Punicafolin (Leaf), Punicalagin A (Peel, Stem bark, Aril, Juice, Root), Punicalagin B (Peel, Stem bark, Aril, Juice, Root), Punicalin (Peel, Stem bark, Aril, Juice, Heartwood), Punicatannin A (Flower), Punicatannin B (Flower), Punigluconin (Stem bark), Strictinin [1-O-Galloyl-4,6-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-D-glucose] (Leaf), Tellimagrandin I (Peel), Tercatain [1,4-Di-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-β-glucopyranose] (Leaf), Terminalin (Gallagyl dilactone) (Stem bark), 1,2,4,6-Tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (Leaf), 1,2,3-Tri-O-galloyl-β-glucopyranose (Leaf), 1,2,4-Tri-O-galloyl-β-glucopyranose (Leaf), 1,2,6-Tri-O-galloyl-β-glucopyranose (Leaf, Flower), 1,3,4-Tri-O-galloyl-β-glucopyranose (Leaf), 1,4,6-Tri-O-galloyl-β-glucopyranose (Leaf), 3,4,6-Tri-O-galloyl-β-glucopyranose (Flower), Valoneic acid dilactone (Juice, Peel)
Flavonoids and anthocyanins	Hovetrichoside C (Flower), Phloretin (Juice), Phlorizin (Flower), Eriodictyol-7-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl (1-6)-β-D-glucoside (Stem bark), Granatumflavanyl xyloside (Flower), Naringin (Naringenin-7-O-rhamnoglucoside) (Peel), Naringenin-4′methyl ether 7-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-6)-β-D-glucoside (Stem bark), Pinocembrin (Juice), Punicaflavanol (Flower), Apigenin (Peel), Apigenin 4′-O-β-glucopyranoside (Leaf), Luteolin (Peel, Flower), Luteolin 3′-O-β-glucopyranoside (Leaf), Luteolin 4′-O-β-glucopyranoside (Leaf), Cynaroside (Luteolin 7-O-glycoside) (Peel), Luteolin 3′-O-β-xylopyranoside (Leaf), Tricetin (Leaf), Daidzein (Seed), Genistein (Seed), Amurensin (Noricaritin 7-β-D-glucopyranoside) (Juice), Kaempferol (Peel), Astragalin (Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside) (Peel), Kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoglucoside (Juice), Myricetin (Peel), Phellatin (Juice), Quercetin (Juice, Leaf, Seed, Peel), Hirsutrin (Quercetin-3-O-glucoside) (Peel), Quercimeritrin (Quercetin-7-O-glucoside) (Peel), Quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside (Peel), Rutin (Quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) (Juice), Quercetin-3,4′-dimethyl ether 7-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-6)-β-D-glucoside (Stem bark), Cyanidin (Juice), Chrysanthemin (Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside) (Juice), Cyanin (Cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside) (Juice), Antirrhinin (Cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside) (Juice), Catechin-cyanidin-3-hexoside (Juice), Delphinidin (Juice), Myrtillin (Delphinidin-3-O-glucoside) (Juice), Delphinidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside (Juice), Pelargonidin (Juice), Callistephin (Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside) (Juice), Pelargonin (Pelargonidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside) (Juice), Catechin (Peel, Juice, Leaf), Epicatechin (Peel, Juice, Leaf, Seed), Epicatechin gallate (Peel), Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (Fruit), Gallocatechin-(4→8)-catechin (Peel), Gallocatechin-(4→8)-gallocatechin (Peel), Catechin-(4→8)-gallocatechin (Peel), Procyanidin A2 (Peel), Procyanidin B1 (Peel), Procyanidin B2 (Peel), Procyanidin B3 (Peel)
Lignans	Conidendrin (Juice), Isohydroxymatairesinol (Peel), Isolariciresinol (Juice, Peel), Matairesinol (Wood knot), Medioresinol (Juice, Wood knot, Seed), Phylligenin (Peel), Pinoresinol (Juice), Secoisolariciresinol (Peel, Juice), Syringaresinol (Juice, Wood knot, Peel, Seed), Pomegralignan (Aril, Peel), Punicatannin C (Flower)
Triterpenoids and phytosterols	Asiatic acid (Flower), Betulinic acid (Betulic acid) (Leaf), Friedooleanan-3-one (Friedelin) (Stem and Root bark), Maslinic acid (Flower), Oleanolic acid (Flower), Punicanolic acid (Flower, Peel), Ursolic acid (Flower), Campesterol (Seed), Cholesterol (Seed), Daucosterol (Seed, Flower), β-Sitosterol (Seed, Flower), β-Sitosterol laurate (Peel), β-Sitosterol myristate (Peel), Stigmasterol (Seed)
Alkaloids and indolamines	N-(2’,5’-dihydroxyphenyl)pyridinium Chloride (Leaf), Hygrine (Root bark), Norhygrine (Root bark), Pelletierine (Stem and Root bark), N-methylpelletierine (Stem and Root bark), Norpseudopelletierine (Stem and Root bark), Pseudopelletierine (Stem and Root bark), 2-(2’-Hydroxypropyl)-∆1piperideine (Root bark), 2-(2’-Propenyl)-∆1piperideine (Root bark), Punigratane (2,5-Diheptyl-N-methyl pyrrolidine) (Peel), Sedridine (Root bark), Melatonin (Fruit extract), Serotonin (Fruit extract), Tryptamine (Fruit extract)
Fatty acids and lipids	Caproic acid (Hexanoic acid) (Juice), Caprylic acid (Octanoic acid) (Juice), Capric acid (Decanoic acid) (Juice), Lauric acid (Dodecanoic acid) (Seed), Myristic acid (Tetradecanoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), Myristoleic acid (9-cis-Tetradecanoic acid) (Seed), Palmitic acid (Hexadecanoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), Palmitoleic acid (Hexadec-9-enoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), Punicic acid (9Z, 11E, 13Z-octadecatrienoic acid) (Seed), Linoleic acid (cis, cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), α-Linolenic acid (All-cis-9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), γ-Linolenic acid (All-cis-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), Oleic acid (9Z-octadecenoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), Stearic acid (Octadecanoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), α-Eleostearic acid (9Z, 11E, 13E-octadecatrienoic acid) (Seed), β-Eleostearic acid (9E, 11E, 13E-octadecatrienoic acid) (Seed), Catalpic acid (9E, 11E, 13Z-octadecatrienoic acid) (Seed), Arachidic acid (Eicosanoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), Gadoleic acid (9Z-icosenoic acid) (Seed), Behenic acid (Docosanoic acid) (Seed), Nervonic acid (cis-15-Tetracosenoic acid) (Seed, Fruit), 1-O-9E,11Z,13E- Octadecatrienoyl glycerol (Seed, Peel), 1-O-Isopentyl-3-O-octadec-2-enoyl glycerol (Seed, Peel), Tri-O-punicylglycerol (Seed), Di-O-punicyl-O-octadeca-8Z, 11Z, 13E-trienylglycerol (Seed), N-palmitoyl cerebroside (Seed)
Organic acids and phenolic acids	Ascorbic acid (Leaf, Peel, Seed, Juice), Citric acid (Juice, Leaf, Peel, Seed), Fumaric acid (Juice), L-Malic acid (Juice, Leaf, Peel, Seed), Oxalic acid (Juice, Leaf, Peel, Seed), Quinic acid (Juice), Succinic acid (Juice, Leaf, Peel, Seed), Tartaric acid (Juice), Caffeic acid (Peel, Juice, Seed, Leaf), Chlorogenic acid (Juice), Cinnamic acid (Juice), o-Coumaric acid (Juice), p-Coumaric acid (Peel, Juice, Seed, Leaf), cis-p-Coumaric acid (Peel), Coutaric acid (Peel), 7,8-Dihydroxy-3-carboxymethylcoumarin-5-carboxylic acid (Flower), Ferulic acid (Juice, Seed, Peel, Leaf), Gallic acid (Peel, Juice, Flower), Methyl gallate (Heartwood), Neochlorogenic acid (5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid) (Peel, Juice), Protocatechuic acid (Peel, Juice), Vanillic acid (Peel, Juice), Coniferyl 9-O-[b-D-apiofuranosyl(1→6)]-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (Seed), Sinapyl 9-O-[b-D-apiofuranosyl(1→6)]-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (Seed)
Other compounds	Catechol (Juice), Coumestrol (Seed), Icariside D1 (Seed), Phenylethylrutinoside (Seed), Syringaldehyde (Juice)