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. 2019 Nov 27;9:17675. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-53240-z

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Clinically relevant therapeutics significantly impact the accumulation of Th17-like Tregs. All mice were analyzed on day 4. 2 hours prior to administration of vehicle or IL-23 (on day 0 and day 2), mice were treated (intraperitoneal injection) with vehicle, 15 mg/kg of anti-TNF-α or 15 mg/kg of anti-IL-23p19. (A) Absolute ear thickness and (B) area under the curve (AUC) measurement in mice treated with vehicle or IL-23 in the presence of vehicle, 15 mg/kg of anti-TNF-α or 15 mg/kg of anti-IL-23p19. (C and D) Frequency and number of Th17-like Tregs in the ear skin of mice treated with vehicle or IL-23 in the presence or absence of anti-IL-23p19 (C) or anti-TNF-α (D). Data represents pooled analysis of 2 ears for each data point, n = 4. *p < 0.05 using student’s t test. (E) Frequency and number of Th17-like Tregs in the draining lymph nodes. Data represents a study of n = 8 per group, with similar results on the efficacy of anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-23p19 in IL-23 treated animals obtained in a number of other independent studies. Live CD45⁺CD4⁺TCRβ⁺Foxp3⁺ cells in the ear and live CD4⁺TCRβ⁺Foxp3⁺ cells in the draining lymph nodes are defined as Foxp3⁺ cells in the figure. *p < 0.05 determined by student’s t test.