Table 1.
Summary of participant demographics, use of technology, HIV clinical outcomes, and mental and substance use evaluations.
| N= 101* | ||
| Age, mean years (SD) | 25.0 (2.9) | |
| Race/ethnicity, N (%) | Latino | 36 (35.6) |
| African American non-Latino | 30 (29.7) | |
| White non-Latino | 14 (13.9) | |
| Other non-Latino | 18 (17.8) | |
| Male sex at birth, N (%) | 90 (89.1) | |
| Gender identity, N (%) | Male | 79 (78.2) |
| Female | 10 (9.9) | |
| Other | 12 (11.9) | |
| Sexual identity, N (%) | Gay | 69 (68.3) |
| Bisexual | 17 (16.8) | |
| Heterosexual | 12 (11.9) | |
| Perceived financial situation, N (%) | Live comfortably | 17 (16.8) |
| Can barely get by | 56 (55.4) | |
| Cannot get by | 21 (20.8) | |
| Education, N (%) | Less than high school | 9 (8.9) |
| High school degree or GED | 45 (44.6) | |
| More than high school or any college degree | 47 (46.5) | |
| In school, N (%) | 29 (28.7) | |
| Working, N (%) | 62 (61.4) | |
| Living situation, N (%) | Own or parent’s home | 50 (49.5) |
| Someone else’s place | 24 (23.8) | |
| Rooming, boarding, half-way house, group home, or shelter | 11 (10.9) | |
| Drug or other treatment facility | 8 (7.9) | |
| Welfare hotel or month-to-month hotel | 4 (4.0) | |
| Other | 4 (4.0) | |
| Ever homeless or lived in a shelter, N (%) | 53 (52.5) | |
| Ever jail or prison, N (%) | 24 (23.8) | |
| Access to cell phone, N (%) | 99 (98.0) | |
| Type of mobile telephone, N (%) | iPhone | 56 (55.4) |
| Android | 39 (38.6) | |
| Other smartphone | 2 (2.0) | |
| Non-smartphone | 2 (2.0) | |
| Total number of mobile telephone numbers in past 6 months, N (%) | One | 61 (60.4) |
| Two | 19 (18.8) | |
| Three or more | 13 (12.9) | |
| Breaks in mobile telephone service in past 6 months, N (%) | Never | 60 (59.4) |
| Once | 15 (14.9) | |
| Twice or more | 21 (20.8) | |
| Mean number of hours per day on internet, hours (SD) | 5.3 (4.2) | |
| Currently taking ART, N (%) | 100 (99.0) | |
| ART adherence rating, N (%) | Excellent | 25 (24.8) |
| Very good | 33 (32.7) | |
| Good | 21 (20.8) | |
| Fair | 12 (11.9) | |
| Poor | 4 (4.0) | |
| Very poor | 5 (5.0) | |
| Moderate-high risk level for substances (ASSIST), N (%) | Marijuana | 59 (58.4) |
| Tobacco | 50 (49.5) | |
| Stimulants | 31 (30.7) | |
| Cocaine | 27 (26.7) | |
| Inhalants | 24 (23.8) | |
| Sedatives | 19 (18.8) | |
| Hallucinogens | 14 (13.9) | |
| Opioids | 4 (4.0) | |
| Degree of drug use problem (DAST), mean score (SD) | 2.9 (2.9) | |
| Alcohol risk (AUDIT), mean score (SD) | 6.1 (6.4) | |
| Depression severity (PHQ-9), mean score (SD) | 7.8 (7.5) | |
| ACEs score, N (%) | ≤ 4 | 55 (66.3) |
| > 4 | 28 (33.7) | |
| Mean trauma score (PCL-5), mean (SD) | 21.8 (22.1) |
*
Numbers do not add up to 100% due to small amounts of missing data, including “do not know” or “decline to answer” responses
ACEs: Adverse Childhood Experiences; ART: antiretroviral therapy; ASSIST: Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test; AUDIT: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; DAST: The Drug Abuse Screening Test; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PCL-5: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5