Table 4.
Changes in within-group scores of knowledge, attitudes and practices toward whole grains (n = 63)
| Comparison | Intervention group | Control group | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (95% CI) | p-value | Mean (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| Knowledge score | T1-T0 | 6.8 (6.5,7.1) | < 0.001*** | 0.1 (−0.3,0.5) | 0.508 |
| T2-T0 | 6.8 (6.5,7.2) | < 0.001*** | 0.4 (−0.2,1.0) | 0.222 | |
| T2-T1 | 0.1 (− 0.2,0.3) | 0.587 | 0.3 (− 0.2,0.7) | 0.277 | |
| Attitudes score | T1-T0 | 12.5 (11.4,13.5) | < 0.001*** | −0.7 (−2.0,0.6) | 0.286 |
| T2-T0 | 9.2 (8.1,10.2) | < 0.001*** | −0.4 (−1.5,0.6) | 0.407 | |
| T2-T1 | −3.3 (−4.4,-2.2) | < 0.001*** | 0.3 (−0.4,0.9) | 0.412 | |
| Practice score | T1-T0 | 10.6 (8.9,12.2) | < 0.001*** | 0.5 (−1.0,2.0) | 0.505 |
| T2-T0 | 8.0 (5.3,10.7) | < 0.001*** | 0.3 (−1.2,1.8) | 0.664 | |
| T2-T1 | −2.6 (−4.6,-0.5) | 0.016* | −0.2 (−0.5,0.2) | 0.259 | |
T0 - Baseline; T1 – post-intervention (thirteenth week); T2 – follow-up (ninth month); ***Statistically significant at p-value < 0.001; *Statistically significant at p-value < 0.05; Repeated measures ANCOVA within group analysis was applied followed by pairwise comparison with confidence interval adjustment; Household income dan baseline variables were controlled by using repeated measures
ANCOVA