Table 1.
Clinical and histopathological findings
| Clinical findings | Frequency | Percent |
|---|---|---|
| Site of tumor | ||
| Tongue | 13 | 28.3 |
| Buccal Mucosa | 24 | 52.2 |
| Lower Alveolus | 6 | 13.0 |
| Upper Alveolus | 1 | 2.20 |
| Lip | 2 | 4.30 |
| Side | ||
| Right | 18 | 39.1 |
| Left | 26 | 56.5 |
| Midline | 1 | 2.20 |
| Crossing midline | 1 | 2.20 |
| Number lesion | ||
| Single | 44 | 95.70 |
| Multiple | 2 | 4.30 |
| Clinical size of tumor (cm)* | ||
| ≥ 4 | 19 | 41.30 |
| < 4 | 27 | 58.70 |
| Extension to adjacent site | ||
| Yes | 17 | 37 |
| No | 29 | 63 |
| T status | ||
| T2 | 23 | 50.00 |
| T3 | 8 | 17.40 |
| T4 | 15 | 32.60 |
| Clinical nodes | ||
| No | 15 | 32.60 |
| N1 | 17 | 37.00 |
| N2 | 13 | 28.30 |
| N3 | 1 | 2.20 |
| Stage | ||
| II | 17 | 37.00 |
| III | 11 | 23.90 |
| IVa | 17 | 37.00 |
| IVb | 1 | 2.20 |
| Comorbid factors | ||
| Yes | 8 | 17.40 |
| No | 38 | 82.60 |
| ECOG performance status | ||
| 0 | 9 | 19.60 |
| 1 | 37 | 80.40 |
| Imaging | ||
| CT size (cm) | ||
| < 4 | 13 | 28.30 |
| ≥ 4 | 33 | 71.70 |
| Neck node present | 22 | 47.80 |
| Involved adjacent site | ||
| Bone | 9 | 19.60 |
| Skin | 5 | 10.90 |
| Muscle | 9 | 19.60 |
| TNM stage (CT) | ||
| II | 11 | 23.90 |
| III | 17 | 37.00 |
| IVa | 17 | 37.00 |
| IVb | 1 | 2.00 |
| Neck dissection | ||
| SOHND | 22 | 47.80 |
| MRND | 17 | 37.00 |
| None | 7 | 15.20 |
| Surgical reconstruction | ||
| None | 16 | 34.80 |
| Pectoralis major myocutaneous flap | 14 | 30.40 |
| Nasolabial flap | 13 | 28.30 |
| Buccal pad of fat | 2 | 4.30 |
| Sternocleidomastoid flap | 1 | 2.20 |
| Total | 46 | 100.0 |
| Histopathological findings | ||
| HPE grade | ||
| I (well differentiated) | 22 | 47.80 |
| II (moderately differentiated) | 22 | 47.80 |
| III (poorly differentiated) | 2 | 4.30 |
| T size (cm) | ||
| ≥ 4 | 11 | 23.90 |
| < 4 | 35 | 76.10 |
| Positive margin | 2 | 4.30 |
| Lymphovascular invasion | 13 | 28.30 |
| Perineural invasion | 20 | 43.50 |
| Depth of invasion (mm) | ||
| < 5 | 4 | 8.70 |
| ≥ 5 to < 10 | 24 | 52.20 |
| ≥ 10 | 18 | 39.10 |
| Pathological stage | ||
| I | 1 | 2.20 |
| II | 22 | 47.80 |
| III | 7 | 15.20 |
| IVa | 13 | 28.30 |
| IVb | 3 | 6.50 |
| Mutations | ||
| TP53 | 19 | 41.3 |
| CDKN2A | 11 | 23.9 |
| HRAS | 8 | 17.4 |
| PIK3CA | 3 | 6.5 |
| SMARCB1 | 2 | 4.3 |
| KIT | 1 | 2.2 |
| EGFR | 1 | 2.2 |
| BRAF | 1 | 2.2 |
| STK11 | 1 | 2.2 |
| ABL1 | 1 | 2.2 |
| RB1 | 1 | 2.2 |
| NRAS | 0 | 0.0 |
| KRAS | 0 | 0.0 |
*The largest numeric value of length, breadth, and depth had been considered