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. 2019 Sep 18;4(5):e782. doi: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000782

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Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The International Association for the Study of Pain.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

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Figure 1. — Preexposure to sound stress prolongs eccentric exercise-induced mechanical hyperalgesia. (A) The experimental protocol used to study muscle nociceptive threshold in rats submitted to unpredictable sound stress on days 1, 3, and 4. After assessment of baseline nociceptive threshold sound stress (SS) rats and naive (control) rats were submitted to eccentric exercise 1 (SS 1 day) or 14 (SS 14 days) days after the last sound stress session. The nociceptive threshold was then measured in the ipsilateral gastrocnemius muscle, up to day 20 after eccentric exercise. (B) Two-way ANOVA showed significant effects for treatment (F_2,15 = 61.07, P < 0.001), time (F_7,105 = 446.9, P < 0.001), and treatment by time interaction (F_14,105 = 30.54, P < 0.001). Post hoc analysis revealed significant differences between control rats and SS 1 day rats from day 3 (P < 0.05) to day 20 (P < 0.001) after eccentric exercise. Significant differences between control rats and SS 14 days rats were observed, from day 2 (P < 0.05) to day 20 (P < 0.001) after eccentric exercise. Significant differences between SS 1 day and SS 14 days rats were observed only in days 3 (P < 0.05) and 5 (P < 0.001) after eccentric exercise. *P < 0.05; ***P < 0.001 (Naive vs SS 14 days); ###P < 0.001 (Naive vs SS 1 day). ANOVA, analysis of variance.