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. 2019 Nov 22;7:337. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00337

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Copyright © 2019 Carvalho, Oliveira and Reis.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Different strategies for incorporation and delivery of GFs from NGCs. One of the simplest approaches is based on simply blending the NTFs on the polymer, with or without further crosslinking of the polymer. Microspheres containing NTFs can also be blended in the polymer. At the surface, NTFs can be found just after an adsorption process or conjugated with other molecules for stronger entrapment or covalent links. When considering the delivery of NTFs from the lumen, several approaches can be followed, such as using engineered cells, nanofibers or hydrogels capable of loading and releasing the NTFs.