TABLE 2.
Multistate foodborne outbreaks in the U.S. from 2010 to 2017 due to Escherichia coli associated with fresh produce.
| Year | Fresh produce | Associated E. coli | Total # of | Illnesses | Hospitalizations | Deaths | References (in addition |
| category | serotype | states | [total (% of illnessesa)] | [total (% of illnessesb)] | to NORS database) | ||
| 2010 | Romaine | O145 | 5 | 31 | 14 | 0 (0) | CDC, 2010a |
| 2011 | Romaine | O157:H7 | 9 | 60 | 35 (67.3) | 0 (0) | Slayton et al., 2011; CDC, 2012a, e |
| Sprouts | O26 | 11 | 29 | 7 (38.9) | 0 (0) | FDA, 2012b | |
| Lettuce | O157:H7 | NA | 26 | 5 (29.4) | 0 (0) | ||
| 2012 | Romaine | O157:H7 | NA | 52 | NA | NA | |
| Leafy greens | O157:H7 | 5 | 33 | 13 (46.4) | 0 (0) | CDC, 2012d | |
| Lettuce | O157:H7 | 3 | 24 | NA | NA | Marder et al., 2014 | |
| Lettuce | O145 | NA | 16 | 6 (37.5) | 0 (0) | ||
| Spinach | O157:NM (H-) | NA | 10 | NA | NA | ||
| 2013 | Romaine | O157:H7 | 4 | 33 | 9 (28.1) | 0 (0) | FDA, 2013b |
| Lettuce | O26 | NA | 26 | 5 (23.8) | 0 (0) | ||
| Leafy greens | O157:H7 | NA | 14 | 9 (81.8) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Sprouts | O121 | 6 | 19 | 5 (26.3) | 0 (0) | CDC, 2014 | |
| 2014 | Cabbage | O111 | NA | 16 | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | |
| Lettuce | O157:H7 | NA | 11 | 2 (22.2) | 0 (0) | ||
| Spinach | O157:H7 | NA | 4 | 1 (25.0) | 0 (0) | ||
| 2015 | Leafy greens | O145 | NA | 7 | 5 (71.4) | 0 (0) | |
| 2016 | Sprouts | O157:NM (H-) | 2 | 11 | 2 (18.2) | 0 (0) | CDC, 2016d |
| Lettuce | O157:H7 | NA | 11 | 4 (36.4) | 0 (0) | ||
| 2017 | Leafy greens | O157:H7 | NA | 68 | 18 (26.5) | 0 (0) | |
| Leafy greens | O157:H7 | 15 | 25 | 9 (36.0) | 1 (4.0) | CDC, 2018 | |
| Spinach | O26 | NA | 8 | 3 (37.5) | 0 (0) |
a% of illnesses was calculated based on available hospitalization information in the NORS database. b% of deaths was calculated based on available death information in the NORS database. NA, defined as multistate in NORS database, information on the number of states involved was not available in the NORS database or CDC website.