Fig. 2.

Achievement of treatment targets in individuals with type 2 diabetes by ethnicity and gender. Multilevel binary regression models with random effects at general practice level were used to estimate the difference in the ethnic groups compared to Westerners as reference, adjusted for individual level characteristics (age, diabetes duration and education), general practitioner level characteristics (gender, specialist status and years working as general practitioner in Norway) and county of residence in Norway. ^a HbA1c target ≤53 mmol/mol (7.0%). ^bBlood pressure combined target: ≤ 135/80 mmHg with anti-hypertensives or ≤ 140/85 mmHg without antihypertensive. ^c LDL-cholesterol combined target: for individuals with coronary heart disease LDL-chol ≤1.8 mmol/L, without coronary heart disease ≤2.5 mmol/L with lipid lowering medication or ≤ 3.5 mmol/L for individuals without lipid lowering medication. ^d Missing observations. The number of observations included in univariate/multivariate analyses for HbA1c target were 9059/8300, respectively. The corresponding number of observations included in regression analyses for blood pressure target were 8897/8178 and for LDL-cholesterol target 6866/6313