Table 10.
Estimation of the effect of no-meal breakfast in the middle school based on the PSM model.
| Matching method | Dependent variable: student achievement | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment group (skipping breakfast) | Control group (eat breakfast every day) | Average treatment effect (ATT) | Standard error | t value | |
| Radius matching (0.001) | 480.813 | 512.252 | −31.439 | 0.647 | −48.62*** |
| Radius matching (0.005) | 480.813 | 512.095 | −31.282 | 0.646 | −48.43*** |
| Kernel matching (0.001) | 480.813 | 512.179 | −31.366 | 0.646 | −48.53*** |
| Kernel matching (0.005) | 480.813 | 512.067 | −31.254 | 0.646 | −48.35*** |
| Average effect | −31.335 | ||||
***, **, and *
represent significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% level, respectively.