Table 1.
Main studies of breast cancer in patients with gastrointestinal metastasis
| Author | No. of patients | Age (yr) | Location | Histology of primary site | Receptors of primary site | Treatment of primary site |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liu (2012) | 12 | 59 | L | Medullary | NR | Surgery, CT |
| Amin (2016) | 1 | 46 | L | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Lai (2016) | 1 | 54 | L | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Nakayama (2015) | 1 | 42 | L | LIC | HR+ | Surgery |
| Koike (2014) | 3 | 42,54, 54 | L (2), Both (2) | LIC (2), DIC (1) | HR+ (2); HR− (1) | Surgery (3), CT (2) |
| Reiman (2001) | 1 | 64 | R | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Pera (2001) | 1 | 45 | L | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, RT |
| Hara (2010) | 1 | 74 | L | DIC | HR− | Surgery, RT |
| Ciulla (2008) | 1 | 70 | L | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, HT, |
| Pectasides (2016) | 8 | 59.5* | NR | LIC (6), DIC (2) | HR+ (8) | Surgery (8), CT (7), HT (2) |
| Fernandess (2016) | 4 | 61.5* | NR | LIC (2), DIC (2) | HR+ | NR |
| Jones (2007) | 2 | 51,61 | L (1), R (1) | LIC | HR+ (2) | Surgery, RT; Surgery, CT, HT |
| Kudo (2005) | 1 | 59 | NR | NR | NR | Surgery |
| Dumoulin (2009) | 1 | 60 | NR | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, RT |
| Almubaraka (2011) | 35 | 62* | NR | LIC (34), DIC (1) | HR+ (19), NR (16) | Surgery (29); NR (6) |
| Okido (2011) | 1 | 48 | R | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Andriola (2012) | 1 | 63 | L | Mixed | NR | Surgery, CT, |
| Michalopoulos (2004) | 2 | 55,57 | L | LIC (1), DIC (1) | NR | Surgery, CT |
| Zhou (2012) | 1 | 54 | R | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT |
| Cho (2011) | 1 | 46 | Both | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, HT, RT |
| Gizzi (2015) | 1 | 72 | L | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Ali (2016) | 1 | 61 | L | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Maekawa (2012) | 1 | 52 | R | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Matsuda (2012) | 1 | 62 | L | LIC | NR | Surgery, CT, RT |
| Uygun (2006) | 1 | 43 | R | Mixed | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Mostafa (2002) | 1 | 56 | NR | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, HT, RT |
| Nikoli (2012) | 1 | 70 | L | DIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
| Feng (2009) | 1 | 49 | R | DIC | NR | Surgery, CT |
| Mistrangelo (2011) | 1 | 80 | Both | LIC | NR | Surgery |
| Malhotra (2009) | 1 | 71 | NR | LIC | NR | NR |
| Buka (2016) | 1 | 58 | R | LIC | HR+ | CT, HT, RT |
| Guzmán (2017) | 1 | 58 | Both | LIC | HR+ | Surgery, CT, HT, RT |
*
, median age/months; −, gastric metastasis appeared before primary BC; yr, years old; mo, months; GI, gastrointestinal; NR, not reported; HR, hormone receptor; HER2, human epithelial receptor 2; L, left; R, right; DIC, ductal infiltrating carcinoma; LIC, lobular infiltrating carcinoma; CT, chemotherapy; RT, radiotherapy; HT, hormonal therapy.