Table 3.
Univariate analysis for prognosticators of overall survival (OS) and liver progression-free survival (LPFS) post-RAE.
| Nr | Variable group | Variable | OS, p-value |
HR | LPFS, p-value |
SHR | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Patient variable | Age | 0.23 | 0.76 | - | - | ||||||
| 2 | Time variable | Time from diagnosis of CLM to RAE | 0.06 | 0.99 | 0.034* | 0.99 | ||||||
| 3 | Disease-free interval (from primary Rx to CLM) | 0.07 | 0.99 | - | - | |||||||
| 4 | Primary disease-related variables | Primary tumor resection (no/yes) | 0.52 | 0.82 | - | - | ||||||
| 5 | Nodal status of the primary (positive/negative) | 0.77 | 0.33 | - | - | |||||||
| 6 | Lymphovascular invasion of primary (yes/no) | 0.03* | 1.74 | 0.35 | 0.79 | |||||||
| 7 | Tumor differentiation level (good/moderate vs. poor) | 0.009* | 2.05 | 0.55 | 0.81 | |||||||
| 8 | Synchronous vs. metachronous liver metastases | 0.24 | 1.31 | 0.31 | 1.27 | |||||||
| 9 | Side of primary (left vs. right; transverse excluded) | 0.33 | 0.77 | 0.45 | 1.25 | |||||||
| 10 | Disease-related variables at time of RAE | Liver tumor burden (≥25% vs. <25%) | 0.056 | 1.77 | 0.74 | 1.12 | ||||||
| 11 | Number of EHD sites (range, 0–4) | 0.03 * | 1.26 | - | - | |||||||
| 12 | Sum of largest diameters of two liver lesions (cm)* | 0.001* | 1.08 | 0.95 | 1 | |||||||
| 13 | CEA level at time of RAE (ng/ml) | <0.001* | 1.0001 | 0.07 | 1.0005 | |||||||
| 14 | Genetic mutations | KRAS (positive/negative) | 0.16 | 1.45 | 0.15 | 1.48 | ||||||
| 15 | PI3KCA (positive/negative) | 0.78 | 1.13 | 0.69 | 0.79 | |||||||
| 16 | BRAF (positive/negative) | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.2 | 1.38 | |||||||
| 17 | Prior to RAE variables | Prior HAIP (no/yes) | 0.76 | 0.88 | 0.71 | 0.92 | ||||||
| 18 | Prior systemic therapy (≥3 lines vs. < 3 lines) | 0.84 | 1.05 | 0.55 | 0.87 | |||||||
| 19 | Prior liver surgery | 0.36 | 0.82 | 0.75 | 0.93 | |||||||
| 20 | RAE-related variables | % of prescribed radiation dose delivered | 0.43 | 1.004 | 0.6 | 1.003 | ||||||
| 21 | Sphere type (resin vs. glass microspheres) | 0.77 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.95 | |||||||
| 22 | Occurrence of stasis (yes/no) | - | - | 0.73 | 0.93 | |||||||
| 23 | Metabolic tumor uptake parameters (of 1– 5 most FDG-avid lesions) | SUV max (continuous) | 0.028* | 1.05 | <0.001* | 1.06 | ||||||
| 24 | SUV peak (continuous) | 0.025* | 1.06 | 0.001* | 1.08 | |||||||
| 25 | SUV mean (continuous) | 0.004* | 1.13 | 0.41 | 1.03 | |||||||
| 26 | MTV (continuous) | <0.001* | 1.001 | <0.001* | 1.0007 | |||||||
| 27 | TLG (continuous) | <0.001* | 1.0002 | 0.046* | 1.0001 | |||||||
| 28 | Pre-RAE laboratory parameters | Pre-RAE NLR | 0.02* | 1.05 | 0.4 | 1.02 | ||||||
| 29 | Pre-RAE PLR | 0.001* | 1.002 | 0.12 | 1.001 | |||||||
| 30 | Albumin | <0.001 * | 0.36 | - | - | |||||||
| 31 | Total bilirubin | 0.4 | 1.26 | - | - | |||||||
| 32 | AST (aspartate aminotransferase) | <0.001 * | 1.02 | - | - | |||||||
| 33 | ALT (alanine aminotransferase) | 0.003* | 1.01 | - | - | |||||||
| 34 | ALP (alkaline phosphatase) | 0.001* | 1.002 | - | - | |||||||
| 35 | Post-RAE laboratory parameters/ therapies | Post-RAE NLR (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) | 0.077 | 1.04 | - | - | ||||||
| 36 | Post-RAE PLR (platelet/lymphocyte ratio) | 0.6 | 1.0003 | - | - | |||||||
| 37 | Post-RAE HAIP (hepatic artery infusion pump) | 0.001 * | 0.42 | - | - | |||||||
| 38 | Post-RAE ablation | 0.029* | 0.35 | - | - | |||||||
| 39 | Post-RAE chemotherapy lines (≤1 vs 2–4) | <0.001* | 0.48 | - | - | |||||||
| 40 | Post-RAE bevacizumab | 0.001* | 0.48 | - | - | |||||||
| 41 | Liver progression-free survival (in months) | 0.002* | 0.9 | - | - | |||||||
Statistically significant factors. Analyzed using Cox regression adjusted for clustering: 3 patients had 2 initial radioembolization treatments, thus were clustered. CLM-colorectal liver metastases, RAE-radioembolization, Rx-resection, EHD-extrahepatic disease, CEA-carcinoembryonic antigen level; SUV-standard uptake value, MTV-metabolic tumor volume, TLG-total lesion glycolysis; SHR-sub-hazard ratio