Table 3.

Differences in child function by number of positive psychiatric disorder screens.

		Number of positive psychiatric disorder screens				F (df=3); Significant group differences
		0	1	2	≥ 3
School functioning
Repeated a grade	Yes	16%	19%	34%	27%	4.76** 0,1<2,3
Has had an IEP	Yes	44%	66%	81%	80%	26.79*** 0<1,2,3; 1<3
Requires an aide in school	Yes	10%	16%	16%	23%	4.51** 0,1,2<3
In a special remedial class	Yes	15%	24%	38%	30%	3.70* no group diff
Verbal IQ	<70	11%	22%	27%	25%	9.27***0>1,2,3
	70-85	18%	23%	19%	12%
	85+	71%	55%	54%	63%
Nonverbal IQ	<70	9%	19%	24%	14%	9.45***0,3>1,2
	70-85	22%	26%	32%	22%
	85+	69%	55%	44%	64%
PedsQL School Functioning	Low##	28%	60%	69%	90%	69.63***0>1,2>3
	Medium	26%	23%	23%	5%
	High	46%	16%	8%	5%
Medications
Number of psychotropic medications	0	89%	62%	61%	50%	42.04***0<1,2,3
	1	10%	36%	31%	37%
	≥ 2	1%	2%	8%	13%
Quality of Life
PedsQL Physical Functioning	Low	13%	24%	33%	40%	38.10***0>1>2,3
	Medium	12%	13%	26%	27%
	High	75%	63%	41%	33%
PedsQL Emotional Functioning	Low	17%	39%	48%	72%	45.47***0>1>2>3
	Medium	25%	23%	33%	15%
	High	58%	38%	19%	13%
PedsQL Social Functioning	Low	16%	36%	56%	66%	60.73***0>1>2>3
	Medium	17%	24%	19%	17%
	High	67%	40%	25%	17%
Maternal characteristics
Age, years	<21	11%	13%	30%	15%	9.33***0>2,3
	21-35	66%%	72%	56%	72%
	>35	23%	15%	14%	13%
Education, years	≤ 12	37%	48%	51%	54%	59.97**0,1>2,3
	< 12-16>	25%	15%	22%	24%
	≥ 16	38%	37%	27%	22%
Single marital status	Yes	37%	43%	47%	50%	3.13*; no group diff
Public insurance	Yes	30%	43%	42%	57%	11.52*** 0<1,3

Note: F statistics for group differences (reported as percentages) for the number of positive psychiatric disorders are adjusted for maternal education and child IQ at age 10. Maternal education and child verbal and nonverbal IQ models are unadjusted.

^***p<.001;

^**p<.01;

^*p<.05

^##Low <70, 70<Medium (Intermediate) <85, High >85. PedsQL subscales are scaled 0 to 100, with a score of 70 or less indicating impaired quality of life