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. 2019 Nov 29;9:17963. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54292-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Mucociliary differentiation transcription factors expression in ALI-HBEC. (A) SPDEF mRNA expression by RT-qPCR in ALI-HBEC from control and COPD patients, normalized to the geometric mean of the three housekeeping genes (n = 39). (B) DNAI2 mRNA expression by RT-qPCR in ALI-HBEC from control and COPD patients, normalized to the geometric mean of the three housekeeping genes (n = 39). (C) FOXJ1 mRNA expression by RT-qPCR in ALI-HBEC from control and COPD patients, normalized to the geometric mean of the three housekeeping genes (n = 39). White dots represent non-smoker controls and black dots current smoker controls and black squares represent severe and very severe COPD. Mann-Whitney U test.