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. 2019 Nov 29;5:46. doi: 10.1038/s41523-019-0139-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — MRI of the brain and spine with and without contrast at diagnosis. a, b T1-weighted axial images show enhancement of the bilateral fifth cranial nerves after the administration of gadolinium contrast. c, d There is enhancement of the bilateral seventh–eighth cranial nerve complexes. e Sagittal T1-weighted post-contrast spine images demonstrate patchy circumferential enhancement along the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord (arrow heads) and enhancement of the cauda equina nerve roots (arrows), related to leptomeningeal carcinomatosis.