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. 2019 Nov 29;9:17931. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54213-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Identification of biomarker risk signature for developing reversal reactions. Gene expression levels of 103 target genes were assessed by dual-color RT-MLPA performed on ex vivo RNA isolated from whole blood from BL/LL patients who developed reversal reactions (RR) at least two months later during the study (n = 30; grey circles) and BL/LL who did not develop reactions (n = 184; black circles) from Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia and Nepal. Samples were analyzed at t = 0: in the absence of clinical signs of reactions. Log2-transformations of peak areas (normalized for GAPDH expression) of genes with significantly different expression between both groups (at t = 0) are shown on the y-axis. (A) Genes with a significant (p-value < 0.05) different expression only using the Mann-Whitney test are show. P-values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg correction⁴⁰ (see Table S7). (B) Genes with a significant different expression in the global test and Mann-Whitney or the global test only are shown.