Table 5.

Association between blood-based isoform production, induced by alternative splicing and cognitive decline in participants from the InCHIANTI population study of ageing. The table below gives the beta coefficients, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and p values for the association between candidate transcript expression and cognitive decline as assessed by change in MMSE for 197 individuals in a 3–7-year period. Mild cognitive decline is categorised as a decline of between 2 and 8 points in MMSE between FU3 and FU4, whereas severe cognitive decline is characterised as a decline of between 9 and 22 points. Transcripts demonstrating significant differences in expression are given in boldface

Mild cognitive decline (2–8 point decline in MMSE)				Severe cognitive decline (9–22 point decline in MMSE)				Difference between mild and severe decline in MMSE
Isoform	Beta	95% CI	p value	Isoform	Beta	95% CI	p value	Isoform	Beta	95% CI	p value
GFAPα	− 0.196	− 0.36 to 0.03	0.02	GFAPα	0.129	− 0.23 to 0.49	0.48	GFAPα	0.363	0.08 to 0.65	0.01
mKLOTHO	− 0.032	− 0.16 to 0.09	0.61	mKLOTHO	0.070	− 0.20 to 0.34	0.61	mKLOTHO	0.093	− 0.18 to 0.37	0.50
p14	0.122	0.01 to 0.24	0.04	p14	0.209	− 0.04 to 0.46	0.10	p14	0.069	− 0.18 to 0.32	0.59
P16	− 0.097	− 0.29 to 0.09	0.31	P16	− 0.095	− 0.51 to 0.32	0.65	P16	− 0.029	− 0.45 to 0.40	0.89
P21b	− 0.015	− 0.11 to 0.08	0.74	P21b	− 0.085	− 0.29 to 0.12	0.40	P21b	− 0.030	− 0.22 to 0.16	0.75
PSEN2	− 0.075	− 0.23 to 0.08	0.33	PSEN2	− 0.215	− 0.55 to 0.12	0.20	PSEN2	− 0.133	− 0.47 to 0.20	0.43
TAU3	0.170	0.04 to 0.30	0.01	TAU3	− 0.286	− 0.56 to − 0.01	0.04	TAU3	− 0.460	− 0.75 to − 0.17	0.01