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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharmacoeconomics. 2019 Dec;37(12):1495–1507. doi: 10.1007/s40273-019-00824-2

Table 2:

Results from the GEE Model, Prevalence Cohort 2007–2011

Percentage change* Coefficient 95% CI
Age group (reference group: age 65–69)
 70–74 0.9% 0.0086 −0.039 0.056
 75–79 5.8% 0.0560 0.003 0.110
 >=80 0.8% 0.0081 −0.047 0.063
Race group (reference group: non-Hispanic white)
 Non-Hispanic black 39.8% 0.3349 0.263 0.406
 Hispanic/non-Hispanic other races −2.6% −0.0261 −0.099 0.046
Sex (reference group: female)
 Male −5.0% −0.0509 −0.088 −0.014
Comorbidity score (reference group: comorbidity score=0)
 1 37.7% 0.3199 0.273 0.367
 >=2 120.5% 0.7907 0.743 0.838
 Missing 18.1% 0.1660 0.106 0.226
Region (reference group: Midwest)
 Northeast 13.5% 0.1265 0.063 0.190
 South −2.4% −0.0246 −0.092 0.043
 West 10.8% 0.1028 0.046 0.160
Neighborhood SES: education (reference group: first quartile)
 Second quartile −9.0% −0.0945 −0.149 −0.040
 Third quartile −10.8% −0.1142 −0.184 −0.044
 Fourth quartile −18.5% −0.2040 −0.275 −0.133
Neighborhood SES: poverty (reference group: first quartile)
 Second quartile −6.6% −0.0679 −0.119 −0.017
 Third quartile −3.8% −0.0387 −0.104 0.027
 Fourth quartile −11.7% −0.1243 −0.193 −0.056
Stage (reference group: localized)
 Regional −2.2% −0.0227 −0.076 0.030
 Distant 29.8% 0.2609 0.192 0.330
 Unstaged 6.9% 0.0669 −0.039 0.173
Grade (reference group: well differentiated)
 Moderately differentiated −0.8% −0.0077 −0.068 0.052
 Poorly differentiated 0.0% −0.0002 −0.070 0.070
 Undifferentiated 2.6% 0.0259 −0.100 0.152
 Cell type not determined, not stated or not applicable 4.1% 0.0404 −0.024 0.104
Phase of care (reference group: initial care phase)
 Continuing care phase −31.3% −0.3758 −0.412 −0.339
 Terminal care phase 48.7% 0.3969 0.346 0.448
Year of claims (reference group:2007)
 2008 6.5% 0.0628 0.026 0.100
 2009 14.2% 0.1331 0.093 0.173
 2010 18.8% 0.1724 0.129 0.216
 2011 25.4% 0.2262 0.183 0.269
died by 2012 (reference group: alive on December 31, 2012)
 Yes 107.2% 0.7286 0.680 0.777
Cancer drugs use (reference group: no cancer drugs)
 Conventional therapy 57.4% 0.4538 0.391 0.516
 New cancer drugs 217.9% 1.1566 1.085 1.228
Surgery (reference group: no surgery)
 Conventional (open) surgery 1124.7% 2.5053 2.456 2.554
 New (laparoscopic) surgery 1024.4% 2.4199 2.370 2.470
Radiotherapy (reference group: no radiotherapy)
 Conventional radiotherapy 142.9% 0.8874 0.794 0.980
 New radiotherapy 389.3% 1.5878 1.430 1.746

Note:

*:

percentage change (relative to the reference group) was calculated as 100 x [exp(estimated coefficient)-1]