Table 6.
Simple and multivariable regression results
| Overall male partner involvement scale |
Encouragement/reminders Sub-scale |
Active participation sub-scale |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Simple model: beta coef- ficient (95% CI) (N = 178) |
Multivariable model: beta coefficient (95% CI) (N = 124) |
Simple model: beta coef- ficient (95% CI) (N = 178) |
Multivariable model: beta coefficient (95% CI) (N = 124) |
Simple model: beta coef- ficient (95% CI) (N = 178) |
Multivariable model: beta coefficient (95% CI) (N = 141) |
| Female participant demographics | ||||||
| Woman’s age | −0.03 (−0.06 to 0.00) | – | −0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) | – | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.00) | – |
| Completed primary school (yes) | 0.12 (−0.16 to 0.39) | – | 0.12 (−0.17 to 0.40) | – | 0.11 (−0.25 to 0.47) | – |
| No. times pregnant | −0.10** (−0.18 to −0.02) | −0.03 (−0.09 to 0.03) | −0.09* (−0.17 to 0.01) | −0.04 (−0.10 to 0.03) | −0.12* (−0.22 to −0.02) | −0.06 (−0.17 to 0.05) |
| Major depression (yes) | −0.51** (−0.82 to −0.21) | −0.15 (−0.42 to 0.13) | −0.54** (−0.85 to −0.22) | −0.21 (−0.48 to 0.05) | −0.46* −0.86 to −0.06 | −0.16 (−0.62 to 0.29) |
| Newly diagnosed HIV positive (yes) | −0.26 (−0.61 to 0.10) | – | −0.38* (−0.75 to −0.01) | −0.27* (−0.53 to −0.01) | 0.00 (−0.46 to 0.46) | – |
| Internalized stigma score | −0.08*** (−0.11 to −0.04) | −0.03* (−0.07 to −0.00) | −0.07** (−0.10 to −0.03) | −0.02 (−0.05 to 0.01) | −0.09*** (−0.14 to −0.04) | −0.04 (−0.10 to 0.01) |
| Household economics | ||||||
| Electricity in the home (yes) | 0.42* (0.08 to 0.76) | 0.08 (−0.20 to 0.35) | 0.55** (0.20 to 0.90) | 0.23 (−0.03 to 0.49) | 0.08 (−0.37 to 0.53) | – |
| Food insecurity past month (yes) | 0.05 (−0.31 to 0.41 | – | 0.13 (−0.24 to 0.51) | – | −0.14 (−0.61 to 0.33) | – |
| Male partner demographics | ||||||
| Age of male partner (mean) | −0.01 (−0.03 to 0.01) | – | −0.01 (−0.03 to 0.01) | – | −0.01 (−0.03 to 0.01) | – |
| Male partner completed primary school (yes) | 0.08 (−0.22 to 0.39) | – | 0.21 (−0.10 to 0.53) | – | −0.21 (−0.60 to 0.18) | – |
| Male partner unemployed (yes) | −0.40 (−0.97 to 0.17) | – | −0.40 (−0.96 to 0.22) | – | −0.55 (−1.26 to 0.16) | – |
| Male partner HIV status | ||||||
| Positive (yes) | Ref | – | Ref | – | Ref | – |
| Negative (yes) | 0.00 (−0.30 to 0.30) | – | −0.06 (−0.37 to 0.24) | – | 0.12 (−0.28 to 0.53) | – |
| Unknown (yes) | −0.98*** (−1.36 to −0.60) | −0.03 (−0.41 to 0.34) | −1.12*** (−1.51 to −0.74) | −0.08 (−0.44 to 0.29) | −0.64* (−1.16 to 0.11) | 0.03 (−0.67 to 0.72) |
| Father of index child (yes) | 0.18 (−0.90 to 1.25) | – | 0.14 (−0.97 to 1.24) | – | 0.55 (−0.66 to 1.75) | |
| Relationship dynamics | ||||||
| Relationship length with male partner (years) | ||||||
| > 6 | Ref | – | Ref | – | Ref | – |
| 6–10 | 0.07 (−0.26 to 0.39) | – | 0.03 (−0.30 to 0.36) | – | 0.14 (−0.29 to 0.57) | – |
| > 10 | −0.06 (−0.40 to 0.28) | – | −0.15 (−0.50 to 0.19) | – | 0.15 (−0.30 to 0.60) | – |
| Cohabitating with male partner (yes) | 0.51** (0.15 to 0.87) | 0.12 (−0.20 to 0.43) | 0.43* (0.06 to 0.81) | 0.04 (−0.26 to 0.34) | 0.70** (0.24 to 1.16) | 0.07 (−0.50 to 0.64) |
| Married (yes) | 0.63* (0.15 to 1.10) | 0.03 (−0.41 to 0.47) | 0.53* (−0.04 to 1.02) | −0.06 (−0.48 to 0.36) | 0.84** (0.22 to 1.45) | 0.20 (−0.54 to 0.94) |
| Polygamous (yes) | −0.33* (−0.62 to −0.04) | 0.03 (−0.19 to 0.26) | −0.30* (−0.60 to −0.01) | 0.06 (−0.15 to 0.27) | −0.36 (−0.75 to 0.03) | – |
| Relationship satisfaction scale score (mean) | 0.10*** (0.08 to 0.12) | 0.07*** (0.04 to 0.09) | 0.10*** (0.08 to 0.12) | 0.08*** (0.05 to 0.10) | 0.10*** (0.07 to 0.13) | 0.06** (0.02 to 0.09) |
| Interactions with male partner scale score (mean) | 0.05*** (0.03 to 0.07) | 0.05***(0.03 to 0.07) | 0.05*** (0.03 to 0.07) | 0.04*** (0.02 to 0.06) | 0.06*** (0.03 to 0.09) | 0.05** (0.02 to 0.08) |
| Couple-level HIV-related behaviors | ||||||
| Disclosed HIV status to male partner (yes) | 1.50*** (0.84 to 2.16) | 1.15***(0.59 to 1.72) | 1.60*** (0.93 to 2.28) | 1.21*** (0.67 to 1.76) | 1.25** (0.45 to 2.15) | 1.07* (0.00 to 2.14) |
| Ever tested for HIV as a couple (yes) | 0.55*** (0.29 to 0.82) | 0.30** (0.09 to 0.51) | 0.52*** (0.25 to 0.80) | 0.26* (0.05 to 0.46) | 0.58** (0.23 to 0.93) | 0.51** (0.14 to 0.87) |
*
p < 0.05;
**
p < 0.01;
***
p < 0.001