Table 2.
Age-standardized distribution of study variablesa across all available measures from ages 10–23 years by sexual orientationb and sex, GUTS 1 & 2, 1997–2011
| MALES | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Completely Heterosexual | Mostly Heterosexual | Bisexual | Gay | |
| Observations, n | 12,589 | 672 | 88 | 253 |
| Gender expressionc | ||||
| Very gender conforming | 42.5% | 12.0% | 3.9% | 2.6% |
| Mostly gender conforming | 55.0% | 77.0% | 63.3% | 65.4% |
| Gender nonconforming | 2.5% | 11.0% | 32.8% | 32.0% |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 31.4% | 32.8% | 58.3% | 30.0% |
| Midwest | 36.3% | 38.9% | 13.2% | 38.1% |
| South | 14.7% | 10.6% | 11.0% | 15.8% |
| West | 17.4% | 16.5% | 17.5% | 16.1% |
| Race/Ethnicity (non-Hispanic White) | 94.2% | 93.8% | 98.2% | 91.0% |
| Energy intake, [kcal/day; mean(SD)] | 2316.1 (811.6) | 2143.8 (829.1) | 2179.2 (735.6) | 2072.1 (899.1) |
| Alcohol [drinks/day; mean(SD)] | 0.2 (0.6) | 0.2 (0.8) | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.6) |
| Mother’s AHEI-2010d Score [mean(SD)] | 54.2 (12.9) | 56.1 (14.0) | 55.8 (11.3) | 56.2 (13.3) |
| Breakfast consumption (≥5 days/week) | 71.4% | 71.7% | 71.4% | 62.2% |
| Family Dinner (≥5 days/week)e | 46.7% | 43.0% | 50.6% | 47.8% |
| FEMALES | ||||
| Completely Heterosexual | Mostly Heterosexual | Bisexual | Lesbian | |
| Observations, n | 22,613 | 2,161 | 390 | 143 |
| Gender expressionc | ||||
| Very gender conforming | 29.1% | 13.4% | 8.5% | 7.7% |
| Mostly gender conforming | 64.1% | 72.6% | 66.0% | 48.6% |
| Gender nonconforming | 6.8% | 14.0% | 25.5% | 43.8% |
| Region | ||||
| Northeast | 32.9% | 35.9% | 40.1% | 34.3% |
| Midwest | 36.8% | 31.6% | 26.5% | 28.2% |
| South | 14.7% | 11.5% | 16.2% | 11.2% |
| West | 15.5% | 20.6% | 17.0% | 26.4% |
| Race/Ethnicity (non-Hispanic White) | 93.8% | 91.6% | 93.4% | 81.9% |
| Energy intake, [kcal/day; mean(SD)] | 1970.7 (707.0) | 1906.2 (718.8) | 1817.0 (733.8) | 1984.8 (802.6) |
| Alcohol [drinks/day; mean(SD)] | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.2 (0.6) | 0.2 (0.5) | 0.2 (0.7) |
| Mother’s AHEI-2010d Score [mean(SD)] | 53.2 (12.5) | 55.2 (13.4) | 52.6 (12.9) | 58.1 (12.8) |
| Breakfast consumption (≥5 days/week) | 71.1% | 64.5% | 52.8% | 63.6% |
| Family Dinner (≥5 days/week)e | 41.8% | 36.7% | 39.6% | 46.3% |
a
Data are mean(SD) or percentage unless otherwise indicated
b
assessed every wave
c
cross-tabulation is based on the distribution of sexual orientation over multiple waves in the denominator. Therefore, values represent the percent of individuals within each sexual orientation category.
d
AHEI-2010: Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010
e
includes only participants up until 18 years of age