Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Study Population
| Total (N=2269) | |
|---|---|
| Age, years | 64.9 ± 10.0 |
| Sex, male | 1630 (71.8) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.6 ± 2.8 |
| Smoking history | |
| Never smoker | 697 (30.7) |
| Current or ex-smoker | 1572 (69.3) |
| Pack-years | 21.0 ± 23.3 |
| Previous pulmonary tuberculosis | 285 (12.6) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Hypertension | 828 (36.5) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 323 (14.2) |
| Asthma | 191 (8.4) |
| Coronary heart disease | 88 (3.9) |
| Depression | 79 (3.5) |
| Stroke | 64 (2.8) |
| Other allergic diseases | 29 (1.3) |
| Baseline lung function test | |
| FEV1, L | 2.3 ± 0.6 |
| FEV1, % predicted | 78.8 ± 13.7 |
| FVC, L | 3.5 ± 0.9 |
| FVC, % predicted | 90.6 ± 13.6 |
| FEV1/FVC ratio | 0.6 ± 0.1 |
| Severity of airflow limitation | |
| FEV1% predicted ≥80 | 1037 (45.7) |
| 65≤ FEV1% predicted <80 | 867 (38.2) |
| 50≤ FEV1% predicted <65 | 365 (16.1) |
| EQ-5D index values | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
| Use of inhalers | 139 (6.12) |
| LAMA | 81 (3.6) |
| ICS/LABA | 97 (4.3) |
| Use of oral methylxanthines/LTRA | 279 (12.3) |
| Methylxanthines | 255 (11.2) |
| LTRA | 70 (3.1) |
Note: Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD, unless otherwise stated.
Abbreviations: FEV1, forced expiratory volume during the first second; FVC, forced volume vital capacity; EQ-5D, EuroQol-5 dimension; LAMA, long-acting anti-muscarinic agent; ICS/LABA, inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist; LTRA, leukotriene receptor antagonist.