Table 2.

Some traditional uses of B. vulgaris.

System	Effect	Part of the plant	Method of use
Cardiovascular	Antihypertensive	Dried leaves	Injection
	Antiedema	Stem shell	Boiled
	Varicose vein treatment	Root	Boiled
Gastrointestinal	Choleretic	Dried whole plant	Injection
	Cholagogue	Root	Aqueous extract
	Diarrhea	Root	Root
	Bowel movement	Dried root shell	Boiled
	Liver and gallbladder disorders	Dried root shell	Root
	Intestinal ulcers	Root	Root
	Hepatitis	Dried root shell	Boiled
Endocrine	Dysmenorrhea	Fruit Dried root	Aqueous extract
	Menorrhagia	Root	Aqueous extract
	Contraceptive	Root	Aqueous extract
Immune system	Anti-inflammatory	Dried root	Root
	Rheumatoid arthritis	Dried root shell+stem shell	Boiled
	Gout	Flower	Boiled
Central nervous system	Reduce fever	Dried fruit	Aqueous extract
	Sedative	Dried root	Root
Renal	Diuretic	Dried root	Boiled
	Kidney inflammation	Dried root	Root
	Nephritis	Dried root shell	Boiled