Table 2.

Comparison of VAS in the 72 h postoperative period among the three groups.

		Group A	Group B	Group C	p value
During rest	Before surgery	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.762
	1 h after surgery	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.165
	8 h after surgery	0 (0–2.25)	0 (0–2.00)	0 (0–1.25)	0.991
	24 h after surgery	2.00 (0–2.00)	2.00 (0–2.00)	2.00 (0–2.00)	0.981
	48 h after surgery	0 (0–2.00)	0 (0–2.00)	0.5 (0–1.25)	0.711
	72 h after surgery	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0.25)	0.560
During rotation of the homolateral arm	Before surgery	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.762
	1 h after surgery	0 (0–2.00)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.140
	8 h after surgery	0 (0–2.50)	0 (0–2.00)	1.5 (0–2.00)	0.937
	24 h after surgery	2.00 (2.00–3.00)	2.00 (2.00–4.00)	2.00 (2.00–3.25)	0.877
	48 h after surgery	2.00 (0–2.00)	2.00 (2.00–2.00)	2.00 (1.00–2.00)	0.954
	72 h after surgery	0 (0–1.00)	0 (0–2.00)	0 (0–2.00)	0.689
While coughing	Before surgery	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0)	0.838
	1 h after surgery	0 (0–2.00)	0 (0–0)	0 (0–0.25)	0.071
	8 h after surgery	1 (0–2.50)	2 (2.00–4.00)	1.50 (0–2.25)	0.331
	24 h after surgery	2.00 (2.00–4.00)	4.00 (2.00–4.00)	2.00 (2.00–3.00)	0.053
	48 h after surgery	2.00 (2.00–4.00)	2.00 (2.00–4.00)	2.00 (2.00–2.25)	0.296
	72 h after surgery	2.00 (0–2.00)	2.00 (0–2.00)	1.50 (0–2.00)	0.331

The VAS (median (quartiles)) during rest, during rotation of the homolateral arm, and while coughing had no significant difference among the three groups in the 72 h postoperative period, p > 0.05.