Table 2.
Rate-limiting enzymes for central metabolic pathways and the ratios of their expression in the D-MG group compared to the MG group.
| Pathway | Gene name | MG-1 | MG-2 | MG-3 | D-MG-1 | D-MG-2 | D-MG-3 | MG ave | DMG ave | LOG2 (DMG/MG) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose phosphorylation | HK2 | 8.057 | 7.382 | 8.514 | 373.333 | 367.184 | 391.036 | 7.984 | 377.184 | 5.56 |
| Glycolysis | PKM | 144.193 | 130.476 | 142.160 | 1071.419 | 1269.244 | 1061.022 | 138.943 | 1133.895 | 3.03 |
| Glycine synthesis | SHMT2 | 34.121 | 29.636 | 33.060 | 146.550 | 175.435 | 141.673 | 32.272 | 154.553 | 2.26 |
| Asparagine synthesis | ASNS | 28.779 | 28.424 | 28.878 | 93.603 | 122.579 | 101.086 | 28.694 | 105.756 | 1.88 |
| Glycogenolysis | PYGB | 25.047 | 22.544 | 24.888 | 34.525 | 34.766 | 30.397 | 24.159 | 33.229 | 0.46 |
| Pyrimidine synthesis | CAD | 8.199 | 9.554 | 8.489 | 13.220 | 12.638 | 10.185 | 8.747 | 12.015 | 0.46 |
| Glycolysis | PFKL | 62.436 | 52.127 | 63.963 | 83.298 | 79.339 | 73.566 | 59.509 | 78.734 | 0.40 |
| Aspartate synthesis | GOT1 | 16.089 | 14.826 | 14.507 | 18.869 | 20.440 | 19.010 | 15.141 | 19.439 | 0.36 |
| Fatty acid synthesis | FASN | 28.814 | 22.644 | 29.725 | 36.264 | 34.796 | 31.673 | 27.061 | 34.244 | 0.34 |
| Purine synthesis | PRPS1 | 23.085 | 20.259 | 22.740 | 24.847 | 28.698 | 27.976 | 22.028 | 27.173 | 0.30 |
| Pentose phosphate | G6PD | 15.355 | 12.245 | 15.422 | 12.237 | 14.129 | 12.097 | 14.341 | 12.821 | -0.16 |
| Fatty acid synthesis | ACAA1 | 21.219 | 19.891 | 21.847 | 17.973 | 18.352 | 15.681 | 20.986 | 17.336 | -0.28 |
| Glutamine-glutamate conversion | GLUD1 | 49.375 | 44.127 | 51.590 | 35.530 | 41.837 | 38.198 | 48.364 | 38.522 | -0.33 |
| Methionine synthesis | MTR | 7.799 | 9.359 | 8.511 | 7.162 | 5.777 | 6.920 | 8.556 | 6.620 | -0.37 |
| TCA cycle | IDH2 | 103.753 | 84.981 | 101.212 | 66.326 | 79.889 | 75.170 | 96.649 | 73.795 | -0.39 |
| Serine synthesis | PHGDH | 141.285 | 116.771 | 138.838 | 92.636 | 114.237 | 92.781 | 132.298 | 99.884 | -0.41 |
| Hexose | GFPT1 | 46.208 | 45.599 | 46.304 | 26.099 | 32.086 | 29.340 | 46.037 | 29.175 | -0.66 |
| Fatty acid oxidation | CRAT | 23.955 | 20.886 | 25.945 | 14.810 | 14.697 | 14.392 | 23.596 | 14.633 | -0.69 |
| Proline synthesis | PYCR1 | 102.329 | 84.127 | 98.191 | 46.173 | 65.047 | 53.249 | 94.883 | 54.823 | -0.79 |
| Urea synthesis | CPS1 | 7.949 | 7.541 | 8.583 | 4.041 | 3.943 | 4.177 | 8.024 | 4.054 | -0.99 |
| Tyrosine synthesis | PAH | 0.441 | 0.551 | 0.468 | 0.171 | 0.184 | 0.224 | 0.487 | 0.193 | -1.33 |
| Cysteine synthesis | MAT1A | 5.443 | 4.897 | 5.280 | 0.793 | 0.724 | 0.529 | 5.207 | 0.682 | -2.93 |
The FPKM (fragments per kilobase per million reads) normalized values for these genes are listed for both samples. The numbers are the log2 values of ratios of D-MG to MG. Negative values indicate that the genes are present in higher amounts in the MG group, while positive values indicate that the genes are present in higher amounts in the D-MG group. The value 1 indicates two-fold change.