Table 1.
Patient characteristics and change from baseline to follow-up for clinical and hemodynamic parameters.
| Clinical parameters | Baseline (n = 13) | Follow-up (n = 11)* | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| NYHA FC ≥ III | 7 (53.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.031 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 2923 (1772–6878) | 2584 (1804–7255) | 0.929 |
| 6MWD (m) | 396 (340–518) | 400 (350–570) | 0.045 |
| eGRF (mL/min/1.73m2) | 63.0 (43.6–80.4) | 61.6 (43.7–79.5) | 0.594 |
| Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | 125 (115–132) | 118 (114–128) | 0.328 |
| Diastolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | 82.0 (69.0–87.5) | 73.0 (61.0–79.0) | 0.021 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 95.0 (88.0–102) | 87.0 (81.0–96.0) | 0.119 |
| Concomitant medication | |||
| Beta-blocker | 7 (53.8) | 3 (27.3) | |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor | 1 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker | 4 (30.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Antiarrhythmic agent | 1 (7.7) | 1 (9.1) | |
| Loop diuretic | 9 (69.2) | 8 (72.7) | |
| Thiazide diuretic | 2 (15.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist | 6 (46.2) | 7 (63.6) | |
| Oral anticoagulant | 8 (61.5) | 7 (63.6) | |
| Antiplatelet agent | 4 (30.8) | 3 (27.3) | |
| Statin | 4 (30.8) | 2 (18.2) | |
| Invasive hemodynamic parameters | |||
| Systolic PAP (mmHg) | 45.0 (41.0–55.0) | 47.0 (40.0–53.0) | 0.350 |
| Diastolic PAP (mmHg) | 23.0 (21.0–25.0) | 19.0 (18.0–24.0) | 0.229 |
| Mean PAP (mmHg) | 33.0 (29.0–37.0) | 33.0 (28.0–38.0) | 0.476 |
| Right atrial pressure (mmHg) | 11.0 (10.0–16.0) | 11.0 (7.0–18.0) | 0.719 |
| Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mmHg) | 21.0 (19.0–27.5) | 19.0 (17.0–27.0) | 0.449 |
| Cardiac output (L/min) | 4.3 (3.9–5.1) | 4.5 (4.2–5.1) | 0.022 |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 2.4 (1.9–2.6) | 2.4 (2.1–2.7) | 0.028 |
| SaO2 (mmHg) | 96.0 (93.1–98.0) | 93.5 (89.3–96.7) | 0.114 |
| SvO2 (mmHg) | 60.0 (57.5–63.4) | 62.0 (50.3–65.3) | 0.959 |
| Systemic vascular resistance (dyn·s·cm–5) | 331 (269–560) | 300 (267–419 | 0.130 |
| Pulmonary vascular resistance (dyn·s·cm–5) | 207 (142–266) | 200 (151–228) | 0.575 |
| Pulmonary pulse pressure (mmHg) | 22.0 (21.0–30.0) | 25.0 (19.0–29.0) | 0.929 |
| Diastolic pressure gradient (mmHg) | 1.0 (−1.5–3.0) | −1.0 (−3.0–1.0) | 0.049 |
| Quality of life | |||
| Health state (%) | 50.0 (40.0–58.0) | 60.0 (50.0–75.0) | 0.021 |
| Mobility | |||
| No problems | 5 (41.7) | 7 (63.6) | 0.625 |
| Problems | 7 (58.3) | 4 (36.4) | 0.625 |
| Self-care | |||
| No problems | 7 (58.3) | 10 (90.9) | 0.250 |
| Problems | 5 (41.7) | 1 (9.1) | 0.250 |
| Usual activities | |||
| No problems | 3 (25.0) | 5 (45.5) | 0.125 |
| Problems | 9 (75.0) | 6 (54.6) | 0.125 |
| Pain/discomfort | |||
| No problems | 3 (25.0) | 5 (45.5) | 0.500 |
| Problems | 9 (75.0) | 6 (54.6) | 0.500 |
| Anxiety/depression | |||
| No problems | 6 (50.0) | 7 (63.6) | 1.000 |
| Problems | 6 (50.0) | 4 (36.4) | 1.000 |
Values are presented as n (%) or median (IQR).
*
Two patient drop-outs.
NYHA, New York Heart Association; IQR, interquartile range; NT-proBNP, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SaO2, arterial oxygen saturation; SvO2, mixed venous oxygen saturation; PAP, pulmonary arterial pressure.