Table 2.

Muscle mass, strength, and muscle quality mean differences between groups.

	Muscle mass (kg)					Muscle strength					Muscle quality
	Baseline		After exercise		Mean difference	Baseline		After exercise		Mean difference	Baseline		After exercise		Mean difference
Study	I	C	I	C		I	C	I	C		I	C	I	C
Strasser et al. [6]	∗17.8	∗17.7	∗18.3	∗18.2	I: 0.5 C: 0.5	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	&10.1	&11.5	&12.1	&9.9	I: 2.0
Liao et al. [7]	∗∗36.5	∗∗37.0	∗∗36.8	∗∗36.5	I: 0.28 C: −0.44	#13.6	#15.26	#21.17	#13.59	I: 7.57 C: −1.67	£2.47	£2.95	£4.07	£2.49	I: 1.6
Kim et al.[8]	∗15.79	∗16.86	∗13.0	∗12.9	I: −2.79 C: −3.9 6	181.3	197.5	202.7	204.1	I: 21.4 C: 6.6	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Kim et al. [9]	∗14.79	∗13.96	∗14.45	∗14.11	I: 1.23 C: −0.34	$51.39	$47.54	$49.73	$43.13	I: −1.66 C: −4.41	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
Kim et al. [10]	∗13.9	∗13.57	∗14.19	∗13.67	I: 0.29 C: 0.1	&1.12	&1.14	&1.14	&1.0	I: 0.02 C: −0.14	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA

I: intervention; C: control; NA not available; ^#N: Newton; ^$Nm: Newton meter; ^&Nm/kg: Newton meter/kilogram; ^£N/kg” Newton/kilogram; ^∗ASM: appendicular skeletal muscle mass; ^∗∗FFM: fat free mass.